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Literature DB >> 26786668

D-repeat in the XIST gene is required for X chromosome inactivation.

Qingyan Lv¹, Lin Yuan¹, Yuning Song¹, Tingting Sui¹, Zhanjun Li¹, Liangxue Lai¹.

Abstract

XIST is a long non-coding RNA, which expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome. Although it has been revealed that the A-repeat contributes to the X chromosome inactivation (X-inactivation), the role of the longest D-repeat has not yet been investigated. Here, a sgRNA directed CRISPR/Cas9 system which have multiple target sites within repeat D of XIST, were used to generate D-repeat deletion and studied its roles on X-inactivation. The results showed that the deletion of D-repeat caused a significantly decreased expression of XIST, and up regulated expression of X-linked genes, suggesting that the D-repeat may play an important role in the regulation of XIST expression and silencing of the X-linked genes, which could provide a new idea in the molecular mechanisms of X-inactivation.

Entities: Gene

Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9; D-repeat; XIST; X-inactivation; long non-coding RNA

Mesh：

Substances：

Year: 2016 PMID： 26786668 PMCID： PMC4829313 DOI： 10.1080/15476286.2015.1137420

Source DB: PubMed Journal: RNA Biol ISSN： 1547-6286 Impact factor: 4.652

19 in total

1. Chromosomal silencing and localization are mediated by different domains of Xist RNA.

Authors: Anton Wutz; Theodore P Rasmussen; Rudolf Jaenisch
Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2002-01-07 Impact factor: 38.330

2. The product of the mouse Xist gene is a 15 kb inactive X-specific transcript containing no conserved ORF and located in the nucleus.

Authors: N Brockdorff; A Ashworth; G F Kay; V M McCabe; D P Norris; P J Cooper; S Swift; S Rastan
Journal: Cell Date: 1992-10-30 Impact factor: 41.582

3. A proximal conserved repeat in the Xist gene is essential as a genomic element for X-inactivation in mouse.

Authors: Yuko Hoki; Naomi Kimura; Minako Kanbayashi; Yuko Amakawa; Tatsuya Ohhata; Hiroyuki Sasaki; Takashi Sado
Journal: Development Date: 2008-11-26 Impact factor: 6.868

4. Stable X chromosome inactivation involves the PRC1 Polycomb complex and requires histone MACROH2A1 and the CULLIN3/SPOP ubiquitin E3 ligase.

Authors: Inmaculada Hernández-Muñoz; Anders H Lund; Petra van der Stoop; Erwin Boutsma; Inhua Muijrers; Els Verhoeven; Dmitri A Nusinow; Barbara Panning; York Marahrens; Maarten van Lohuizen
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2005-05-16 Impact factor: 11.205

5. The human XIST gene: analysis of a 17 kb inactive X-specific RNA that contains conserved repeats and is highly localized within the nucleus.

Authors: C J Brown; B D Hendrich; J L Rupert; R G Lafrenière; Y Xing; J Lawrence; H F Willard
Journal: Cell Date: 1992-10-30 Impact factor: 41.582

6. A gene from the region of the human X inactivation centre is expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome.

Authors: C J Brown; A Ballabio; J L Rupert; R G Lafreniere; M Grompe; R Tonlorenzi; H F Willard
Journal: Nature Date: 1991-01-03 Impact factor: 49.962

7. CAS9 transcriptional activators for target specificity screening and paired nickases for cooperative genome engineering.

Authors: Prashant Mali; John Aach; P Benjamin Stranges; Kevin M Esvelt; Mark Moosburner; Sriram Kosuri; Luhan Yang; George M Church
Journal: Nat Biotechnol Date: 2013-08-01 Impact factor: 54.908

D-repeat in the XIST gene is required for X chromosome inactivation.

1. Chromosomal silencing and localization are mediated by different domains of Xist RNA.

2. The product of the mouse Xist gene is a 15 kb inactive X-specific transcript containing no conserved ORF and located in the nucleus.

3. A proximal conserved repeat in the Xist gene is essential as a genomic element for X-inactivation in mouse.

4. Stable X chromosome inactivation involves the PRC1 Polycomb complex and requires histone MACROH2A1 and the CULLIN3/SPOP ubiquitin E3 ligase.

5. The human XIST gene: analysis of a 17 kb inactive X-specific RNA that contains conserved repeats and is highly localized within the nucleus.

6. A gene from the region of the human X inactivation centre is expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome.

7. CAS9 transcriptional activators for target specificity screening and paired nickases for cooperative genome engineering.

8. Efficient generation of large-scale genome-modified mice using gRNA and CAS9 endonuclease.

9. Multigene knockout utilizing off-target mutations of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in rice.

10. XIST-induced silencing of flanking genes is achieved by additive action of repeat a monomers in human somatic cells.

Review 1. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanism of Xist RNA function through genetics.

Review 2. The control of polycomb repressive complexes by long noncoding RNAs.

3. En bloc and segmental deletions of human XIST reveal X chromosome inactivation-involving RNA elements.

4. The role of Xist-mediated Polycomb recruitment in the initiation of X-chromosome inactivation.

5. Independent domains for recruitment of PRC1 and PRC2 by human XIST.

Review 6. The tandem repeat modules of Xist lncRNA: a swiss army knife for the control of X-chromosome inactivation.

Review 7. Localization of RNAs in the nucleus: cis- and trans- regulation.

Review 8. Understanding the Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs through Their Higher-Order Structures.

Review 9. Long Noncoding RNAs-Crucial Players Organizing the Landscape of the Neuronal Nucleus.