Koji Murakami1, Satoshi Hamai2, Ken Okazaki1, Satoru Ikebe3, Takeshi Shimoto4, Daisuke Hara1, Hideki Mizu-uchi1, Hidehiko Higaki3, Yukihide Iwamoto1. 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 1-3-3 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. 2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 1-3-3 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. Electronic address: hamachan@ortho.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp. 3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Sangyo University, 2-3-1 Matsugadai, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-8583, Japan. 4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Participation in specific activities requires complex ranges of knee movements and activity-dependent kinematics. The purpose of this study was to investigate dynamic knee kinematics during squat and golf swing using image-matching techniques. METHODS: Five healthy males performed squats and golf swings under periodic X-ray images at 10 frames per second. We analyzed the in vivo three-dimensional kinematic parameters of subjects' knees, namely the tibiofemoral flexion angle, anteroposterior (AP) translation, and internal-external rotation, using serial X-ray images and computed tomography-derived, digitally reconstructed radiographs. RESULTS: During squat from 0° to 140° of flexion, the femur moved about 25 mm posteriorly and rotated 19° externally relative to the tibia. Screw-home movement near extension, bicondylar rollback between 20° and 120° of flexion, and medial pivot motion at further flexion were observed. During golf swing, the leading and trailing knees (the left and right knees respectively in the right-handed golfer) showed approximately five millimeters and four millimeters of AP translation with 18° and 26° of axial rotation, respectively. A central pivot motion from set-up to top of the backswing, lateral pivot motion from top to ball impact, and medial pivot motion from impact to the end of follow-through were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The medial pivot motion was not always recognized during both activities, but a large range of axial rotation with bilateral condylar AP translations occurs during golf swing. This finding has important implications regarding the amount of acceptable AP translation and axial rotation at low flexion in replaced knees. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
PURPOSE: Participation in specific activities requires complex ranges of knee movements and activity-dependent kinematics. The purpose of this study was to investigate dynamic knee kinematics during squat and golf swing using image-matching techniques. METHODS: Five healthy males performed squats and golf swings under periodic X-ray images at 10 frames per second. We analyzed the in vivo three-dimensional kinematic parameters of subjects' knees, namely the tibiofemoral flexion angle, anteroposterior (AP) translation, and internal-external rotation, using serial X-ray images and computed tomography-derived, digitally reconstructed radiographs. RESULTS: During squat from 0° to 140° of flexion, the femur moved about 25 mm posteriorly and rotated 19° externally relative to the tibia. Screw-home movement near extension, bicondylar rollback between 20° and 120° of flexion, and medial pivot motion at further flexion were observed. During golf swing, the leading and trailing knees (the left and right knees respectively in the right-handed golfer) showed approximately five millimeters and four millimeters of AP translation with 18° and 26° of axial rotation, respectively. A central pivot motion from set-up to top of the backswing, lateral pivot motion from top to ball impact, and medial pivot motion from impact to the end of follow-through were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The medial pivot motion was not always recognized during both activities, but a large range of axial rotation with bilateral condylar AP translations occurs during golf swing. This finding has important implications regarding the amount of acceptable AP translation and axial rotation at low flexion in replaced knees. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
Authors: Joseph S Tramer; Lindsay M Maier; Elizabeth A Klag; Ayooluwa S Ayoola; Michael A Charters; W Trevor North Journal: Sports Health Date: 2021-06-04 Impact factor: 4.355