Håvard Midgard1, Benedikte Bjøro2, Arild Mæland3, Zbigniew Konopski4, Hege Kileng5, Jan K Damås6, Jørn Paulsen7, Lars Heggelund8, Per K Sandvei9, Jetmund O Ringstad9, Lars N Karlsen10, Kathrine Stene-Johansen11, John H-O Pettersson11, Dagny H Dorenberg11, Olav Dalgard12. 1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: havardmi@medisin.uio.no. 2. Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 3. Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 4. Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 5. Section of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway. 6. Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. 7. Section of Gastroenterology, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway. 8. Section of Infectious Diseases, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. 9. Department of Medicine, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway. 10. Department of Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. 11. Department of Virology, The Norwegian Institute for Public Health, Oslo, Norway. 12. Department of Infectious Diseases, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: On-going risk behaviour can lead to hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection following successful treatment. We aimed to assess the incidence of persistent HCV reinfection in a population of people who inject drugs (PWID) who had achieved sustained virological response (SVR) seven years earlier. METHODS: In 2004-2006 we conducted a multicentre treatment trial comprising HCV genotype2 or 3 patients in Sweden, Norway and Denmark (NORTH-C). Six months of abstinence from injecting drug use (IDU) was required before treatment. All Norwegian patients who had obtained SVR (n=161) were eligible for participation in this long-term follow-up study assessing virological and behavioural characteristics. RESULTS: Follow-up data were available in 138 of 161 (86%) individuals. Persistent reinfection was identified in 10 of 94 (11%) individuals with a history of IDU prior to treatment (incidence rate 1.7/100 person-years (PY); 95% CI 0.8-3.1) and in 10 of 37 (27%) individuals who had relapsed to IDU after treatment (incidence rate 4.9/100 PY; 95% CI 2.3-8.9). Although relapse to IDU perfectly predicted reinfection, no baseline factor was associated with reinfection. Relapse to IDU was associated with age <30 years (vs. ⩾40 years) at treatment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.03; 95% CI 1.78-27.8) and low education level (aOR 3.64; 95% CI 1.44-9.18). CONCLUSIONS: Over time, persistent HCV reinfection was common among individuals who had relapsed to IDU after treatment. Reinfection should be systematically addressed and prevented when providing HCV care for PWID.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND & AIMS: On-going risk behaviour can lead to hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection following successful treatment. We aimed to assess the incidence of persistent HCV reinfection in a population of people who inject drugs (PWID) who had achieved sustained virological response (SVR) seven years earlier. METHODS: In 2004-2006 we conducted a multicentre treatment trial comprising HCV genotype 2 or 3 patients in Sweden, Norway and Denmark (NORTH-C). Six months of abstinence from injecting drug use (IDU) was required before treatment. All Norwegian patients who had obtained SVR (n=161) were eligible for participation in this long-term follow-up study assessing virological and behavioural characteristics. RESULTS: Follow-up data were available in 138 of 161 (86%) individuals. Persistent reinfection was identified in 10 of 94 (11%) individuals with a history of IDU prior to treatment (incidence rate 1.7/100 person-years (PY); 95% CI 0.8-3.1) and in 10 of 37 (27%) individuals who had relapsed to IDU after treatment (incidence rate 4.9/100 PY; 95% CI 2.3-8.9). Although relapse to IDU perfectly predicted reinfection, no baseline factor was associated with reinfection. Relapse to IDU was associated with age <30 years (vs. ⩾40 years) at treatment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.03; 95% CI 1.78-27.8) and low education level (aOR 3.64; 95% CI 1.44-9.18). CONCLUSIONS: Over time, persistent HCV reinfection was common among individuals who had relapsed to IDU after treatment. Reinfection should be systematically addressed and prevented when providing HCV care for PWID.
Authors: Michael Logan; John Law; Jason Alexander Ji-Xhin Wong; Darren Hockman; Amir Landi; Chao Chen; Kevin Crawford; Juthika Kundu; Lesley Baldwin; Janelle Johnson; Anita Dahiya; Gerald LaChance; Joseph Marcotrigiano; Mansun Law; Steven Foung; Lorne Tyrrell; Michael Houghton Journal: J Virol Date: 2016-12-16 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Leopold Kong; David E Lee; Rameshwar U Kadam; Tong Liu; Erick Giang; Travis Nieusma; Fernando Garces; Netanel Tzarum; Virgil L Woods; Andrew B Ward; Sheng Li; Ian A Wilson; Mansun Law Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2016-10-24 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Moisés Uriarte-Pinto; Herminia Navarro-Aznarez; Natalia De La Llama-Celis; Piedad Arazo-Garcés; Ana María Martínez-Sapiña; María Reyes Abad-Sazatornil Journal: Int J Clin Pharm Date: 2018-03-20