Problem based review: The patient with hypercalcaemia.

Hypercalcaemia is a common problem which may present to the Acute Medical Unit. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and malignancy are the commonest causes of hypercalcaemia, accounting for over 90% of cases. Assessment of parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels is key to determining whether hypercalcaemia is parathyroid-mediated. Initial systematic assessment and adequate rehydration are important to help make the underlying diagnosis and determine longer-term management. The medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism not requiring surgery, with Cinacalcet is highlighted.