Yaohui Zhao1, Eileen M Crimmins2, Peifeng Hu3, Yang Shen4, James P Smith5, John Strauss6, Yafeng Wang7, Yuan Zhang2. 1. National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China. yhzhao@nsd.pku.edu.cn. 2. Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 3. UCLA Division of Geriatric Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 4. UCLA Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 5. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA. 6. Department of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 7. Institute for Social Science Survey, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To estimate prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), success in diagnosing, and methods of diabetes management in China. METHODS: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a representative survey of the Chinese population at least 45 years old, is used to estimate diabetes and prediabetes prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment and their associations with residence, socioe-conomic, and demographic factors. RESULTS: Almost 60 % of middle-aged and elderly Chinese have prediabetes or diabetes in 2011-2012. DM prevalence increases with age, but the oldest group is least likely to be diagnosed. Prevalence is higher with higher body mass index, fasting cholesterol, and larger waist circumference. Higher prevalence is found in urban areas among residents with urban registration status (the Chinese administrative registration system or hukou), especially in coastal regions. Better rates of diagnosis, management, and education regarding diabetes are strongly associated with urban hukou, living in coastal areas, and in families with higher per capita expenditures, the appropriate economic resources measure in China. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis and management of diabetes is highly differential within China but recent efforts to improve health systems are succeeding in reducing undiagnosed disease. Current high prevalence of prediabetes suggests a more intensive effort is required in the future.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), success in diagnosing, and methods of diabetes management in China. METHODS: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a representative survey of the Chinese population at least 45 years old, is used to estimate diabetes and prediabetes prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment and their associations with residence, socioe-conomic, and demographic factors. RESULTS: Almost 60 % of middle-aged and elderly Chinese have prediabetes or diabetes in 2011-2012. DM prevalence increases with age, but the oldest group is least likely to be diagnosed. Prevalence is higher with higher body mass index, fasting cholesterol, and larger waist circumference. Higher prevalence is found in urban areas among residents with urban registration status (the Chinese administrative registration system or hukou), especially in coastal regions. Better rates of diagnosis, management, and education regarding diabetes are strongly associated with urban hukou, living in coastal areas, and in families with higher per capita expenditures, the appropriate economic resources measure in China. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis and management of diabetes is highly differential within China but recent efforts to improve health systems are succeeding in reducing undiagnosed disease. Current high prevalence of prediabetes suggests a more intensive effort is required in the future.
Authors: George B Ploubidis; Wanjiku Mathenge; Bianca De Stavola; Emily Grundy; Allen Foster; Hannah Kuper Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2012-07-20 Impact factor: 3.380
Authors: W P Jia; C Pang; L Chen; Y Q Bao; J X Lu; H J Lu; J L Tang; Y M Wu; Y H Zuo; S Y Jiang; K S Xiang Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2006-12-16 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Mohammad Haghighatpanah; Amir Sasan Mozaffari Nejad; Maryam Haghighatpanah; Girish Thunga; Surulivelrajan Mallayasamy Journal: Osong Public Health Res Perspect Date: 2018-08