Maurizio Baldassarre1, Stefania Alvisi2, Ilaria Mancini2, Simona Moscatiello3, Giulio Marchesini3, Renato Seracchioli2, Maria Cristina Meriggiola4. 1. Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences University of Bologna and Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. 2. Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, University of Bologna and Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. 3. Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, University of Bologna and Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. 4. Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences University of Bologna and Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, University of Bologna and Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: cristina.meriggiola@unibo.it.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Dyslipidemia is a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease which may contribute to sexual dysfunction in women. AIMS: To assess the impact of dyslipidemia compared with other metabolic alterations on female sexual function. METHODS: In total, 466 women were enrolled in the study, of which 256 were postmenopausal. Dyslipidemia was defined based on high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, or triglycerides levels. Women completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS), and the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ). Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were performed and the Framingham risk score (FRS) was calculated for each subject. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: FSFI, FSDS, and MHQ scores, prevalence of FSD and FRS. RESULTS: Median age of the population enrolled was 51.5 (range 42.0-58.0) years. The overall prevalence of FSD, according to FSFI and FSDS scores, was 24%. A significantly higher prevalence of FSFI (P = .001) and FSDS (P = .006) pathological scores were found in women with dyslipidemia compared with the control group. The prevalence of FSD was significantly higher in dyslipidemic women (P = .001). Women with dyslipidemia had significantly higher total scores in areas of depression, somatization, and obsession in the MHQ questionnaire compared with control women. Multivariate analysis showed that dyslipidemia (OR:1.7, CI 1.1-2.9, P = .037), postmenopausal status (OR:2.7, CI 1.5-4.7, P = .001), higher education (OR:0.6; CI 0.3-0.9, P = .038), and somatization (OR:1.7, CI 1.0-2.8, P = .045) were independently associated with FSD. The FRS was higher in dyslipidemic women (P = .001) and in those with FSD (P = .001), being associated with an almost doubled risk of developing FSD. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for FSD irrespective of postmenopausal status. Also, psychopathological alterations such as somatization are strongly associated with sexual dysfunction. The direct correlation between FSFI score and FRS suggest the importance of cardiovascular integrity in female sexual health.
INTRODUCTION:Dyslipidemia is a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease which may contribute to sexual dysfunction in women. AIMS: To assess the impact of dyslipidemia compared with other metabolic alterations on female sexual function. METHODS: In total, 466 women were enrolled in the study, of which 256 were postmenopausal. Dyslipidemia was defined based on high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, or triglycerides levels. Women completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS), and the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ). Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were performed and the Framingham risk score (FRS) was calculated for each subject. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: FSFI, FSDS, and MHQ scores, prevalence of FSD and FRS. RESULTS: Median age of the population enrolled was 51.5 (range 42.0-58.0) years. The overall prevalence of FSD, according to FSFI and FSDS scores, was 24%. A significantly higher prevalence of FSFI (P = .001) and FSDS (P = .006) pathological scores were found in women with dyslipidemia compared with the control group. The prevalence of FSD was significantly higher in dyslipidemic women (P = .001). Women with dyslipidemia had significantly higher total scores in areas of depression, somatization, and obsession in the MHQ questionnaire compared with control women. Multivariate analysis showed that dyslipidemia (OR:1.7, CI 1.1-2.9, P = .037), postmenopausal status (OR:2.7, CI 1.5-4.7, P = .001), higher education (OR:0.6; CI 0.3-0.9, P = .038), and somatization (OR:1.7, CI 1.0-2.8, P = .045) were independently associated with FSD. The FRS was higher in dyslipidemic women (P = .001) and in those with FSD (P = .001), being associated with an almost doubled risk of developing FSD. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for FSD irrespective of postmenopausal status. Also, psychopathological alterations such as somatization are strongly associated with sexual dysfunction. The direct correlation between FSFI score and FRS suggest the importance of cardiovascular integrity in female sexual health.
Keywords:
Dyslipidemia; Female Sexual Distress Scale; Female Sexual Dysfunction; Female Sexual Function Index; Framingham risk score; Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire
Authors: Van T Hoang; Hoang-Phuong Nguyen; Viet Nhan Nguyen; Duc M Hoang; Tan-Sinh Thi Nguyen; Liem Nguyen Thanh Journal: Front Cell Dev Biol Date: 2022-09-28
Authors: Małgorzata Kałużna; Agnieszka Nomejko; Aleksandra Słowińska; Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska; Katarzyna Pikosz; Katarzyna Ziemnicka; Marek Ruchała Journal: Endocr Connect Date: 2021-08-30 Impact factor: 3.335