Intrathoracic transfer of flaps for fistulas, exposed prosthetic devices, and reinforcement of suture lines.

Intrathoracic infection associated with actual or potential leakage of the airway, esophagus, heart, and great vessels is a life-threatening situation that is seen infrequently. Failure to control these infections with the usual techniques often can be attributed to the presence of a persistent pleural space and continuing empyema. Intrathoracic transposition of extrathoracic skeletal muscle in these situations offers an effective method of management.