Tatsuro Honda1, Yoshinao Kobayashi2, Kenji Togashi3, Hiroshi Hasegawa4, Motoh Iwasa4, Osamu Taguchi5, Yoshiyuki Takei4, Yasuhiro Sumida6. 1. Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan; Center for Physical and Mental Health, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan. 2. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan; Center for Physical and Mental Health, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan. Electronic address: yoshinao@hac.mie-u.ac.jp. 3. Department of Health and Physical Education, Mie University Faculty of Education, Tsu, Japan. 4. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan. 5. Center for Physical and Mental Health, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan. 6. Center for Physical and Mental Health, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan; Yokkaichi-Hazu Medical Center, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Yokkaichi, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Amino acid metabolites, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and tyrosine (Tyr), affect glucose metabolism. The effects of BCAA on insulin resistance in patients with diabetes seem to conflict with mechanisms determined in animal models and cultured cells. The aim of this study was to clarify the controversy surrounding the effects of BCAA by investigating the physiological effects of BCAA and Tyr on glucose metabolism in healthy community dwellers. METHODS: We investigated associations among BCAA and Tyr and metabolic parameters in 78 residents (median age, 52 y) of Mie, Japan, who did not have prediabetes, diabetes, or a body mass index >30 kg/m(2). RESULTS: Muscle volume, serum BCAA, and Tyr levels were higher in men than in women (n = 32 and 46, respectively; all P < 0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis associated BCAA positively with muscle volume (regression coefficient/t/p/95% confidence interval, 281.8/3.7/0.0004/129.7-433.8), fasting blood glucose (FBG; 12699.4/3.22/0.0020/4830.9-20567.8), fasting immunoreactive insulin (IRI; 8505.1/2.75/0.0078/2322.5-14687.6), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β; 893.6/2.58/0.0122/201.8-1585.5), and negatively with the HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; -9294.1/-2.89/0.0052/-15711.0 to -2877.1). Tyr positively correlated with fasting IRI (26/2.77/0.0072/7.3-44.7). CONCLUSIONS: Insulin sensitivity and muscle volume are positively associated with BCAA in individuals without diabetes. In turn, BCAA correlate with increased FBG and fasting IRI levels. Tyr correlated with fasting IRI, but not with insulin sensitivity.
OBJECTIVES: Amino acid metabolites, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and tyrosine (Tyr), affect glucose metabolism. The effects of BCAA on insulin resistance in patients with diabetes seem to conflict with mechanisms determined in animal models and cultured cells. The aim of this study was to clarify the controversy surrounding the effects of BCAA by investigating the physiological effects of BCAA and Tyr on glucose metabolism in healthy community dwellers. METHODS: We investigated associations among BCAA and Tyr and metabolic parameters in 78 residents (median age, 52 y) of Mie, Japan, who did not have prediabetes, diabetes, or a body mass index >30 kg/m(2). RESULTS: Muscle volume, serum BCAA, and Tyr levels were higher in men than in women (n = 32 and 46, respectively; all P < 0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis associated BCAA positively with muscle volume (regression coefficient/t/p/95% confidence interval, 281.8/3.7/0.0004/129.7-433.8), fasting blood glucose (FBG; 12699.4/3.22/0.0020/4830.9-20567.8), fasting immunoreactive insulin (IRI; 8505.1/2.75/0.0078/2322.5-14687.6), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β; 893.6/2.58/0.0122/201.8-1585.5), and negatively with the HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; -9294.1/-2.89/0.0052/-15711.0 to -2877.1). Tyr positively correlated with fasting IRI (26/2.77/0.0072/7.3-44.7). CONCLUSIONS:Insulin sensitivity and muscle volume are positively associated with BCAA in individuals without diabetes. In turn, BCAA correlate with increased FBG and fasting IRI levels. Tyr correlated with fasting IRI, but not with insulin sensitivity.
Authors: Jose L Flores-Guerrero; Maryse C J Osté; Lyanne M Kieneker; Eke G Gruppen; Justyna Wolak-Dinsmore; James D Otvos; Margery A Connelly; Stephan J L Bakker; Robin P F Dullaart Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2018-12-04 Impact factor: 4.241