Knee kinematics: the effects of running on cambers.

The purpose of this study was to determine the three-dimensional kinematics of the knee joint during running on level surfaces and surfaces of different degrees of camber. Fifteen college-age students (eight males, seven females) having no previous history of knee injury were subjects. A triaxial elgon was used to measure the movement of each subject's right and left knees when running on a horizontal or laterally inclined treadmill at 2.4 m.s-1 during each experimental condition (on the horizontal surface and on cambers of +0.087, +0.174, -0.087, and -0.174 radians). There was a significant difference (P less than 0.05) between +0.174 and -0.174 rad camber mean values for all six dependent variables (i.e., support and swing, flexion-extension, internal and external rotation, and valgus-varus range of motion). There was also a significant difference (P less than 0.05) when +0.174 and -0.174 rad camber were compared to 0 rad camber during both the support and swing phases of flexion-extension. Surface camber mean values for +0.087 and -0.087 rad were significantly different (P less than 0.05) during the swing phase for internal and external rotation. This study showed that the kinematics of the knee joint are significantly altered when running on a laterally inclined surface.