BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by a thick, sticky mucus responsible for both airway obstruction and resistance to drug diffusion, reducing the effectiveness of drug delivery to the lung. Studies of drug-mucus interaction may be a crucial step in therapeutic management of CF. In the present research, the effect of a saline solution of sodium bicarbonate (100 mM) on sputum viscosity and the permeation properties of ketoprofen lysinate (Klys) from a previously developed dry powder inhaler were evaluated. METHODS: Rheological measurements were performed using an ARES rotational rheometer (Rheometrics, Inc.) with a parallel plate geometry. The gel fraction, separated from the liquid phase of various sputum samples from CF patients was loaded onto the plate. The elastic (G') and the viscous (G") moduli, tan δ (ratio of G" to G') and η* (complex viscosity) were evaluated as frequency-dependent parameters. Drug permeation across CF sputum from dry powders was studied by means of Franz-type vertical diffusion cells. The experiments were conducted on untreated sputum and on sputum treated with bicarbonate. RESULTS: Rheological studies showed that the elastic modulus (G') was always greater than the viscous modulus (G") and the viscosity decreased with increasing frequency, as for pseudo-plastic fluids. Bicarbonate caused a downward shift of both the elastic and viscous moduli, with a reduction in complex viscosity. As to drug permeation, the untreated sputum slowed down drug dissolution and permeation compared to buffer permeability (control). Permeation studies across CF sputum treated with bicarbonate showed higher Klys dissolution/permeation than untreated sputum. CONCLUSIONS: The interesting results confirm the previously reported bicarbonate. effectiveness in CF; this weak base seems to act by decreasing high viscosity of the CF bronchial secretion and, potentially, resulting in better mucus clearance and in fighting pulmonary infections.
BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by a thick, sticky mucus responsible for both airway obstruction and resistance to drug diffusion, reducing the effectiveness of drug delivery to the lung. Studies of drug-mucus interaction may be a crucial step in therapeutic management of CF. In the present research, the effect of a saline solution of sodium bicarbonate (100 mM) on sputum viscosity and the permeation properties of ketoprofen lysinate (Klys) from a previously developed dry powder inhaler were evaluated. METHODS: Rheological measurements were performed using an ARES rotational rheometer (Rheometrics, Inc.) with a parallel plate geometry. The gel fraction, separated from the liquid phase of various sputum samples from CF patients was loaded onto the plate. The elastic (G') and the viscous (G") moduli, tan δ (ratio of G" to G') and η* (complex viscosity) were evaluated as frequency-dependent parameters. Drug permeation across CF sputum from dry powders was studied by means of Franz-type vertical diffusion cells. The experiments were conducted on untreated sputum and on sputum treated with bicarbonate. RESULTS: Rheological studies showed that the elastic modulus (G') was always greater than the viscous modulus (G") and the viscosity decreased with increasing frequency, as for pseudo-plastic fluids. Bicarbonate caused a downward shift of both the elastic and viscous moduli, with a reduction in complex viscosity. As to drug permeation, the untreated sputum slowed down drug dissolution and permeation compared to buffer permeability (control). Permeation studies across CF sputum treated with bicarbonate showed higher Klys dissolution/permeation than untreated sputum. CONCLUSIONS: The interesting results confirm the previously reported bicarbonate. effectiveness in CF; this weak base seems to act by decreasing high viscosity of the CF bronchial secretion and, potentially, resulting in better mucus clearance and in fighting pulmonary infections.
Entities:
Keywords:
cystic fibrosis; drug permeation; ketoprofen; rheology; sodium bicarbonate
Authors: Carla Cristina Souza Gomez; Paloma Lopes Francisco Parazzi; Karl Jan Clinckspoor; Renan Marrichi Mauch; Francisco Benedito Teixeira Pessine; Carlos Emilio Levy; Andressa Oliveira Peixoto; Maria Ângela Gonçalves Oliveira Ribeiro; Antônio Fernando Ribeiro; Douglas Conrad; Paul Marquis Quinton; Fernando Augusto Lima Marson; José Dirceu Ribeiro Journal: Clin Drug Investig Date: 2020-02 Impact factor: 2.859
Authors: Francesco Iadaresta; Michele Dario Manniello; Conny Östman; Carlo Crescenzi; Jan Holmbäck; Paola Russo Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2018-06-17 Impact factor: 4.223