Anisotropic phantoms in Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Even though Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) gives possibility to obtain qualitatively very good images, most quantitative results obtained by means of MRI are biased with high dependence on particular hardware parameters, imaging sequence used, and properties of analysed sample. Thus to enable comparison between results obtained on different scanners a calibration is needed. In one of the approaches to Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), a B-matrix Spatial Distribution DTI (BSD-DTI) anisotropic phantoms are crucial in precise determination of the diffusion tensor. Anisotropic phantoms can be also useful as a porosity models or rock models in geology. The paper focuses on characterization of several anisotropic phantoms and describes their applications in DTI, and other domains related to MRI.