Michael J Blaha1, Rupert K Hung1, Zeina Dardari1, David I Feldman1, Seamus P Whelton1, Khurram Nasir2, Roger S Blumenthal1, Clinton A Brawner3, Jonathan K Ehrman3, Steven J Keteyian3, Mouaz H Al-Mallah4. 1. Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 2. Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Center for Healthcare Advancement & Outcomes & Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute (MCVI), Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 3. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 4. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King ABdulAziz Cardiac Center, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, Saudia Arabia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Given the aging population and prevalence of sedentary behaviour in the USA, we investigated the impact of differences in exercise capacity associated with age on long-term outcomes. We derived fitness-associated 'biologic age' as a tool to encourage positive lifestyle changes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 57085 patients without established coronary artery disease or heart failure (median age 53 years, 49% women, 29% black) who underwent clinically-referred treadmill stress testing at the Henry Ford Health System from 1991 to 2009. Patients were followed for 10.4±5 and 5.4±4 years for all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction (MI), respectively. We calculated hazard ratios associated with exercise capacity by age deciles using Cox regression models, adjusting for demographic and haemodynamic data, medical history, and medication use. Fitness-associated 'biologic age' was derived as the chronologic age with equivalent mortality or MI risk. RESULTS: There were 6356 deaths and 1646 MIs during follow-up. Exercise capacity declined with increasing age. Higher exercise capacity was strongly associated with greater survival, with per-MET HR ranging from 0.82 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.86) in patients under 40 years of age, to 0.88 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.90) in those over 70 years of age. Biologic age varied markedly-up to three decades-within each age decile, and was a stronger predictor of mortality (C-statistic 0.81 vs 0.77) and MI (C-statistic 0.72 vs 0.68) than chronologic age. CONCLUSIONS: Higher exercise capacity remained a powerful predictor of survival despite lower average exercise capacity at older ages, reinforcing its importance in patients of all ages. Fitness-associated biologic age was a stronger predictor of survival than chronologic age, and may be a useful clinical tool for facilitating patient discussions regarding the impact of exercise capacity on long-term risk. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
OBJECTIVE: Given the aging population and prevalence of sedentary behaviour in the USA, we investigated the impact of differences in exercise capacity associated with age on long-term outcomes. We derived fitness-associated 'biologic age' as a tool to encourage positive lifestyle changes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 57085 patients without established coronary artery disease or heart failure (median age 53 years, 49% women, 29% black) who underwent clinically-referred treadmill stress testing at the Henry Ford Health System from 1991 to 2009. Patients were followed for 10.4±5 and 5.4±4 years for all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction (MI), respectively. We calculated hazard ratios associated with exercise capacity by age deciles using Cox regression models, adjusting for demographic and haemodynamic data, medical history, and medication use. Fitness-associated 'biologic age' was derived as the chronologic age with equivalent mortality or MI risk. RESULTS: There were 6356 deaths and 1646 MIs during follow-up. Exercise capacity declined with increasing age. Higher exercise capacity was strongly associated with greater survival, with per-MET HR ranging from 0.82 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.86) in patients under 40 years of age, to 0.88 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.90) in those over 70 years of age. Biologic age varied markedly-up to three decades-within each age decile, and was a stronger predictor of mortality (C-statistic 0.81 vs 0.77) and MI (C-statistic 0.72 vs 0.68) than chronologic age. CONCLUSIONS: Higher exercise capacity remained a powerful predictor of survival despite lower average exercise capacity at older ages, reinforcing its importance in patients of all ages. Fitness-associated biologic age was a stronger predictor of survival than chronologic age, and may be a useful clinical tool for facilitating patient discussions regarding the impact of exercise capacity on long-term risk. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
Authors: Mathew S Maurer; Evelyn Horn; Alex Reyentovich; Victoria Vaughan Dickson; Sean Pinney; Deena Goldwater; Nathan E Goldstein; Omar Jimenez; Sergio Teruya; Jeff Goldsmith; Stephen Helmke; Melana Yuzefpolskaya; Gordon R Reeves Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2017-09-21 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Hércules Rezende Freitas; Gustavo da Costa Ferreira; Isis Hara Trevenzoli; Karen de Jesus Oliveira; Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis Journal: Nutrients Date: 2017-11-20 Impact factor: 5.717