C N Martins1, M B Moraes1, M Hauck1, L F Guerreiro1, D D Rossato2, A S Varela1, C E da Rosa1, L U Signori3. 1. Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. 2. Department of Physiotherapy, Franciscan University Center, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. 3. Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: l.signori@hotmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combined effects of cryotherapy and pulsed ultrasound therapy (PUT) on oxidative stress parameters, tissue damage markers and systemic inflammation after musculoskeletal injury. DESIGN: Experimental animal study. SETTING: Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control, lesion, cryotherapy, PUT, and cryotherapy+PUT. INTERVENTIONS: The gastrocnemius muscle was injured by mechanical crushing. Cryotherapy was applied immediately after injury (immersion in water at 10°C for 20minutes). PUT was commenced 24hours after injury (1MHz, 0.4W/cm2SPTA, 20% duty cycle, 5minutes). All animals were treated every 8hours for 3 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Oxidative stress in muscle was evaluated by concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), anti-oxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) and catalase. Plasma levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed. RESULTS: When applied individually, cryotherapy and PUT reduced CK, LDH, CRP and LPO caused by muscle damage. Cryotherapy+PUT in combination maintained the previous results, caused a reduction in ROS [P=0.005, mean difference -0.9×10-8 relative area, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.2 to -1.9], and increased ACAP {P=0.007, mean difference 0.34 1/[relative area with/without 2,2-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride], 95% CI 0.07 to 0.61} and catalase (P=0.002, mean difference 0.41units/mg protein, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.73) compared with the lesion group. CONCLUSIONS: Cryotherapy+PUT in combination reduced oxidative stress in muscle, contributing to a reduction in adjacent damage and tissue repair.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combined effects of cryotherapy and pulsed ultrasound therapy (PUT) on oxidative stress parameters, tissue damage markers and systemic inflammation after musculoskeletal injury. DESIGN: Experimental animal study. SETTING: Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control, lesion, cryotherapy, PUT, and cryotherapy+PUT. INTERVENTIONS: The gastrocnemius muscle was injured by mechanical crushing. Cryotherapy was applied immediately after injury (immersion in water at 10°C for 20minutes). PUT was commenced 24hours after injury (1MHz, 0.4W/cm2SPTA, 20% duty cycle, 5minutes). All animals were treated every 8hours for 3 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Oxidative stress in muscle was evaluated by concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), anti-oxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) and catalase. Plasma levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed. RESULTS: When applied individually, cryotherapy and PUT reduced CK, LDH, CRP and LPO caused by muscle damage. Cryotherapy+PUT in combination maintained the previous results, caused a reduction in ROS [P=0.005, mean difference -0.9×10-8 relative area, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.2 to -1.9], and increased ACAP {P=0.007, mean difference 0.34 1/[relative area with/without 2,2-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride], 95% CI 0.07 to 0.61} and catalase (P=0.002, mean difference 0.41units/mg protein, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.73) compared with the lesion group. CONCLUSIONS: Cryotherapy+PUT in combination reduced oxidative stress in muscle, contributing to a reduction in adjacent damage and tissue repair.
Authors: Carlos Gustavo S Rosa; Elizângela G Schemitt; Renata M Hartmann; Josieli R Colares; Jayne T de Sousa; Silvia Bona; Andrea J Moreira; Cristian Augusto Ostjen; Jaqueline N Picada; Daniel P Campani; Alexandre S Dias; Norma Anair P Marroni Journal: Am J Transl Res Date: 2019-10-15 Impact factor: 4.060
Authors: Luis Fernando Sousa Filho; Marta Maria Barbosa Santos; Paula Dos Passos Menezes; Bruno Dos Santos Lima; Adriano Antunes de Souza Araújo; Evaleide Diniz de Oliveira Journal: RSC Adv Date: 2021-08-17 Impact factor: 4.036