Zainabur Rahmah1, Sujarot Dwi Sasmito2, Budi Siswanto3, Teguh Wahju Sardjono4, Loeki Enggar Fitri4. 1. Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia. 2. Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia. 3. Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Jaksa Agung Suprapto, No. 2 Malang, East Java, 65122, Indonesia. 4. Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: During pregnancy, the balanced dominance of the T helper17 response shifts to a Th2 response that is characterised by the production of IL-10, following the completion of the implantation process. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression is associated with the completion of trophoblast invasion and placental growth. This study assessed the effect of malaria infection on the levels of IL-17, IL-10, and TGF-β in the plasma of pregnant mice with malaria. METHODS: Seventeen pregnant BALB/C mice were divided into two groups: mice infected with Plasmodium berghei (treatment group) and uninfected mice (control group). The mice were sacrificed on day 18 post-mating. Parasitemia was measured by Giemsa staining. The levels of IL-17, IL-10, and TGF-β were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Using independent t test, the IL-17 levels in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (= = 0.040). The IL-10 levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (= = 0.00). There was no significant difference in the TGF-β levels (= = 0.055) between two groups. However, using SEM analysis the degree of parasitemia decreased the plasma TGF-β levels (tcount = 5.148; ≥ ttable = 1.96). SEM analysis showed that a high degree of parasitemia increased the IL-17 levels and decreased the IL-10 and TGF-β levels. CONCLUSION: Malaria infection during pregnancy interferes with the systemic balance by increasing the IL-17 levels and decreasing the IL-10 and TGF-β levels.
BACKGROUND: During pregnancy, the balanced dominance of the T helper17 response shifts to a Th2 response that is characterised by the production of IL-10, following the completion of the implantation process. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression is associated with the completion of trophoblast invasion and placental growth. This study assessed the effect of malaria infection on the levels of IL-17, IL-10, and TGF-β in the plasma of pregnant mice with malaria. METHODS: Seventeen pregnant BALB/C mice were divided into two groups: mice infected with Plasmodium berghei (treatment group) and uninfected mice (control group). The mice were sacrificed on day 18 post-mating. Parasitemia was measured by Giemsa staining. The levels of IL-17, IL-10, and TGF-β were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Using independent t test, the IL-17 levels in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (= = 0.040). The IL-10 levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (= = 0.00). There was no significant difference in the TGF-β levels (= = 0.055) between two groups. However, using SEM analysis the degree of parasitemia decreased the plasma TGF-β levels (tcount = 5.148; ≥ ttable = 1.96). SEM analysis showed that a high degree of parasitemia increased the IL-17 levels and decreased the IL-10 and TGF-β levels. CONCLUSION:Malaria infection during pregnancy interferes with the systemic balance by increasing the IL-17 levels and decreasing the IL-10 and TGF-β levels.
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