Michael D Stein1, Celeste Caviness2, Kristin Grimone2, Daniel Audet2, Bradley J Anderson2, Genie L Bailey3. 1. General Medicine Research Unit, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI; Departments of Medicine and Health Services, Policy and Practice, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Michael_Stein@brown.edu. 2. General Medicine Research Unit, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI; 3. Departments of Medicine and Health Services, Policy and Practice, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Stanley Street Treatment and Resources, Inc, Fall River, MA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Smoking cessation pharmacotherapies tested in persons with opioid use disorder have produced low quit rates. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been used by many methadone-maintained (MMT) smokers, but controlled trials evaluating cessation and reduction outcomes have not been performed in this population with deleterious tobacco-related health consequences. METHODS: In this open trial of NJOY e-cigarettes, MMT smokers received 6 weeks of treatment and were instructed to use only e-cigarettes. Outcomes included carbon monoxide confirmed 7-day point smoking cessation prevalence at week 7 (end of treatment) and self-reported change in mean cigarettes per day (CPD) at each 2-week assessment. The final assessment was 2 weeks after treatment ended (week 9). RESULTS: The 12 participants averaged 46 years old and 50% were male. On average, participants reported smoking 17.8 (±5.3) CPD. One person had a biochemically confirmed quit at week 7. Participants tended to report marked reductions in mean CPD between quit day (week 1) and the week 3 assessment. Relative to baseline, statistically significant reductions in mean CPD were observed at all follow-up assessments. Mean reductions in CPD were -12.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -15.0, -9.9; P < .001), -14.8 (95% CI: -17.4, -12.2; P < .001), -13.9 (95% CI: -16.6, -11.2), and -10.8 (95% CI: -13.4, -8.2; P < .01) at the 3-, 5-, 7-, and 9-week assessments, respectively. Adherence to e-cigarettes was 89.1% during the 6 treatment weeks. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarettes were associated with reductions in cigarette use. Smoking cessation rates in MMT smokers are low and whether long-term smoking reductions can persist and produce health benefits should be studied. IMPLICATIONS: E-cigarettes were associated with reduced tobacco use in MMT smokers. Adherence to e-cigarettes is high among methadone smokers. Week-7 smoking quit rates are similar to pharmacotherapies tested in this population.
INTRODUCTION: Smoking cessation pharmacotherapies tested in persons with opioid use disorder have produced low quit rates. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been used by many methadone-maintained (MMT) smokers, but controlled trials evaluating cessation and reduction outcomes have not been performed in this population with deleterious tobacco-related health consequences. METHODS: In this open trial of NJOY e-cigarettes, MMT smokers received 6 weeks of treatment and were instructed to use only e-cigarettes. Outcomes included carbon monoxide confirmed 7-day point smoking cessation prevalence at week 7 (end of treatment) and self-reported change in mean cigarettes per day (CPD) at each 2-week assessment. The final assessment was 2 weeks after treatment ended (week 9). RESULTS: The 12 participants averaged 46 years old and 50% were male. On average, participants reported smoking 17.8 (±5.3) CPD. One person had a biochemically confirmed quit at week 7. Participants tended to report marked reductions in mean CPD between quit day (week 1) and the week 3 assessment. Relative to baseline, statistically significant reductions in mean CPD were observed at all follow-up assessments. Mean reductions in CPD were -12.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -15.0, -9.9; P < .001), -14.8 (95% CI: -17.4, -12.2; P < .001), -13.9 (95% CI: -16.6, -11.2), and -10.8 (95% CI: -13.4, -8.2; P < .01) at the 3-, 5-, 7-, and 9-week assessments, respectively. Adherence to e-cigarettes was 89.1% during the 6 treatment weeks. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarettes were associated with reductions in cigarette use. Smoking cessation rates in MMT smokers are low and whether long-term smoking reductions can persist and produce health benefits should be studied. IMPLICATIONS: E-cigarettes were associated with reduced tobacco use in MMT smokers. Adherence to e-cigarettes is high among methadone smokers. Week-7 smoking quit rates are similar to pharmacotherapies tested in this population.
Authors: Stephen R Baldassarri; David A Fiellin; Mary Ellen Savage; Lynn M Madden; Mark Beitel; Lara K Dhingra; Lisa Fucito; Deepa Camenga; Pooja Bollampally; Declan T Barry Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-01-17 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Allison M Glasser; Lauren Collins; Jennifer L Pearson; Haneen Abudayyeh; Raymond S Niaura; David B Abrams; Andrea C Villanti Journal: Am J Prev Med Date: 2016-11-30 Impact factor: 5.043
Authors: Joanna M Streck; Susan Regan; Jordan Neil; Sara Kalkhoran; Priya S Gupta; Benjamin Bearnot; Faith K Coker; Kelly M Kalagher; Elyse R Park; Sarah Wakeman; Nancy A Rigotti Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2022-06-15 Impact factor: 5.825
Authors: Andrea C Villanti; Shari P Feirman; Raymond S Niaura; Jennifer L Pearson; Allison M Glasser; Lauren K Collins; David B Abrams Journal: Addiction Date: 2017-10-03 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Christine F McDonald; Stuart Jones; Lutz Beckert; Billie Bonevski; Tanya Buchanan; Jack Bozier; Kristin V Carson-Chahhoud; David G Chapman; Claudia C Dobler; Juliet M Foster; Paul Hamor; Sandra Hodge; Peter W Holmes; Alexander N Larcombe; Henry M Marshall; Gabrielle B McCallum; Alistair Miller; Philip Pattemore; Robert Roseby; Hayley V See; Emily Stone; Bruce R Thompson; Miranda P Ween; Matthew J Peters Journal: Respirology Date: 2020-07-26 Impact factor: 6.424