Troels N Bachmann1, Morten W Skov1, Peter V Rasmussen1, Claus Graff2, Adrian Pietersen3, Bent Lind3, Johannes J Struijk2, Morten S Olesen1, Stig Haunsø4, Lars Køber5, Jesper H Svendsen4, Anders G Holst1, Jonas B Nielsen6. 1. Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia (DARC), Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 2. Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. 3. Copenhagen General Practitioners' Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark. 4. Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia (DARC), Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 5. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 6. Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia (DARC), Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: jonas.bille.nielsen@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The electrocardiographic Tpeak-Tend interval is considered a novel risk marker of cardiac arrhythmias and cardiovascular death; however, results to date have been conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between this interval and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure, allowing for nonlinear relationships. METHODS: From primary care, 138,404 individuals were included and categorized into seven groups based on Tpeak-Tend interval. Cox regression models were used to describe the association between these groups and the risk of the selected outcomes. RESULTS: Compared with the reference groups (104-115 ms for all-cause mortality and 98-103 ms for all other outcomes), individuals with a Tpeak-Tend interval in lead V5 <5th percentile (58-77 ms) had hazard ratios of 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-1.38, P <.001) for all-cause mortality, 1.31 (95% CI 1.15-1.50, P <.001) for cardiovascular death, 1.18 (95% CI 1.06-1.32, P = .003) for atrial fibrillation, and 1.52 (95% CI 1.33-1.74, P <.001) for heart failure. Individuals with a Tpeak-Tend interval ≥95th percentile (116-140 ms) had hazard ratios of 1.15 (95% CI 1.08-1.23, P <.001) for all-cause mortality, 1.30 (95% CI 1.15-1.47, P <.001) for cardiovascular death, 1.09 (95% CI 0.99-1.22, P = .088) for atrial fibrillation, and 1.28 (95% CI 1.12-1.46, P <.001) for heart failure. Similar results were obtained for leads II and V2. CONCLUSION: We observed U-shaped associations between the Tpeak-Tend interval and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure.
BACKGROUND: The electrocardiographic Tpeak-Tend interval is considered a novel risk marker of cardiac arrhythmias and cardiovascular death; however, results to date have been conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between this interval and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure, allowing for nonlinear relationships. METHODS: From primary care, 138,404 individuals were included and categorized into seven groups based on Tpeak-Tend interval. Cox regression models were used to describe the association between these groups and the risk of the selected outcomes. RESULTS: Compared with the reference groups (104-115 ms for all-cause mortality and 98-103 ms for all other outcomes), individuals with a Tpeak-Tend interval in lead V5 <5th percentile (58-77 ms) had hazard ratios of 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-1.38, P <.001) for all-cause mortality, 1.31 (95% CI 1.15-1.50, P <.001) for cardiovascular death, 1.18 (95% CI 1.06-1.32, P = .003) for atrial fibrillation, and 1.52 (95% CI 1.33-1.74, P <.001) for heart failure. Individuals with a Tpeak-Tend interval ≥95th percentile (116-140 ms) had hazard ratios of 1.15 (95% CI 1.08-1.23, P <.001) for all-cause mortality, 1.30 (95% CI 1.15-1.47, P <.001) for cardiovascular death, 1.09 (95% CI 0.99-1.22, P = .088) for atrial fibrillation, and 1.28 (95% CI 1.12-1.46, P <.001) for heart failure. Similar results were obtained for leads II and V2. CONCLUSION: We observed U-shaped associations between the Tpeak-Tend interval and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure.
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