Exercise-induced asthma/other allergic reactions in the athlete.

Many US athletes with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) and allergies won medals in the 1984 Olympics, proving that EIA need not sideline an athlete. This article reviews EIA and the pathophysiology of the condition as well as other allergic reactions. The development of EIA is influenced by the type and duration of exercise and by air contaminants. Air temperature and humidity have been recognized recently as more important factors. Exercising in a warm, humid environment and breathing slowly through the nose help to control EIA. Four groups of drugs that are safe and effective against EIA are discussed. Other allergic reactions include the upper respiratory tract, i.e., nose and sinuses as well as skin reaction to environmental exercises.