Isabelle Tromme1, Catherine Legrand2, Brecht Devleesschauwer3, Ulrike Leiter4, Stefan Suciu5, Alexander Eggermont6, Julie Francart7, Frederic Calay7, Juanita A Haagsma8, Jean-François Baurain9, Luc Thomas10, Philippe Beutels11, Niko Speybroeck12. 1. Department of Dermatology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: Isabelle.tromme@uclouvain.be. 2. Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. 3. Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium; Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. 4. Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany. 5. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Brussels, Belgium. 6. Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Grand Paris, Villejuif, France. 7. Belgian Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium. 8. Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 9. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. 10. Department of Dermatology, Lyon 1 University, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, France. 11. Centre for Health Economics Research & Modelling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium. 12. Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The total burden of melanoma has already been studied but little is known about the distribution of this burden amongst localised, node metastatic and distant metastatic stages. METHODS: Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) assesses disease burden, being the sum of years of life with disability (YLD) and years of life lost (YLL). A melanoma disease model was developed in order to predict the evolution of patients from diagnosis until death. The model was applied to a large cohort of 8016 melanoma patients recorded by the Belgian Cancer Registry for incidence years 2009-2011. DALYs were calculated for each American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, considering stage at diagnosis on the one hand and time spent in localised, node metastatic and visceral metastatic stages on the other. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses were performed to explore uncertainty. FINDINGS: Our analyses resulted in 3.67 DALYs per melanoma, 90.81 per 100,000 inhabitants, or 32.67 per death due to melanoma. The total YLL accounted for 80.4% of the total DALY. Stages I, II, III and IV patients at diagnosis generated, respectively, 27.8%, 32.7%, 26.2% and 13.3% of the total YLL. For the time spent in each stage, localised melanomas, node metastatic melanomas, and distant metastatic accounted, respectively, for 34.8%, 52.6% and 12.6% of the total YLD. Parametric uncertainty was very limited, but the influence of using pre-2010 Global Burden of Disease approaches was substantial. INTERPRETATION: The total DALY for melanoma was consistent with the previous studies. Our results in terms of proportions of DALY/YLL/YLD per stage could be extrapolated to other high-income countries. YLDs generated by localised melanoma which will never metastasize were inferior to YLLs resulting from stage IA melanomas. This result supports the hypothesis that efforts for an earlier diagnosis of melanoma are important. FUNDING: None.
BACKGROUND: The total burden of melanoma has already been studied but little is known about the distribution of this burden amongst localised, node metastatic and distant metastatic stages. METHODS:Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) assesses disease burden, being the sum of years of life with disability (YLD) and years of life lost (YLL). A melanoma disease model was developed in order to predict the evolution of patients from diagnosis until death. The model was applied to a large cohort of 8016 melanomapatients recorded by the Belgian Cancer Registry for incidence years 2009-2011. DALYs were calculated for each American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, considering stage at diagnosis on the one hand and time spent in localised, node metastatic and visceral metastatic stages on the other. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses were performed to explore uncertainty. FINDINGS: Our analyses resulted in 3.67 DALYs per melanoma, 90.81 per 100,000 inhabitants, or 32.67 per death due to melanoma. The total YLL accounted for 80.4% of the total DALY. Stages I, II, III and IV patients at diagnosis generated, respectively, 27.8%, 32.7%, 26.2% and 13.3% of the total YLL. For the time spent in each stage, localised melanomas, node metastatic melanomas, and distant metastatic accounted, respectively, for 34.8%, 52.6% and 12.6% of the total YLD. Parametric uncertainty was very limited, but the influence of using pre-2010 Global Burden of Disease approaches was substantial. INTERPRETATION: The total DALY for melanoma was consistent with the previous studies. Our results in terms of proportions of DALY/YLL/YLD per stage could be extrapolated to other high-income countries. YLDs generated by localised melanoma which will never metastasize were inferior to YLLs resulting from stage IA melanomas. This result supports the hypothesis that efforts for an earlier diagnosis of melanoma are important. FUNDING: None.
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