Ilona Stefańska1, Katarzyna Piasecka-Jóźwiak1, Danuta Kotyrba1, Magdalena Kolenda2, Krystyna M Stecka1. 1. Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Technology Fermentation, Rakowiecka 36 St, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland. 2. Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Wheat flour is one of the most common causative agents of food allergy. The study presents the selection and characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains capable of hydrolyzing/modifying allergenic proteins of wheat flour. Hydrolysis of wheat proteins was determined with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with sera from patients with food allergy to gluten. RESULTS: The analysis of electrophoretic profiles of protein extracted from sourdough shows the capability of selected LAB strains for proteolytic degradation of wheat proteins that belong to two factions: albumin/globulin (hydrolysis of 13 polypeptides with a molecular weight between 103 and 22 kDa); and gliadin (seven polypeptides with a molecular weight between 39 and 24 kDa). All analyzed strains were capable of hydrolyzing some IgE-binding epitopes of wheat allergens. The lack of such changes in control samples indicates that they were induced rather by the proteolytic activity of bacterial strains than endogenous enzymes of wheat flour. The gluten proteins were susceptible to hydrolysis by sequential digestion with pepsin and trypsin. CONCLUSION: The selected strains exhibit proteolytic activity, which leads to a reduction in allergenicity of wheat sourdoughs. These strains may be applied as specific starter cultures to prepare bakery products of special nutritional use.
BACKGROUND:Wheat flour is one of the most common causative agents of food allergy. The study presents the selection and characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains capable of hydrolyzing/modifying allergenic proteins of wheat flour. Hydrolysis of wheat proteins was determined with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with sera from patients with food allergy to gluten. RESULTS: The analysis of electrophoretic profiles of protein extracted from sourdough shows the capability of selected LAB strains for proteolytic degradation of wheat proteins that belong to two factions: albumin/globulin (hydrolysis of 13 polypeptides with a molecular weight between 103 and 22 kDa); and gliadin (seven polypeptides with a molecular weight between 39 and 24 kDa). All analyzed strains were capable of hydrolyzing some IgE-binding epitopes of wheat allergens. The lack of such changes in control samples indicates that they were induced rather by the proteolytic activity of bacterial strains than endogenous enzymes of wheat flour. The gluten proteins were susceptible to hydrolysis by sequential digestion with pepsin and trypsin. CONCLUSION: The selected strains exhibit proteolytic activity, which leads to a reduction in allergenicity of wheat sourdoughs. These strains may be applied as specific starter cultures to prepare bakery products of special nutritional use.