Alessandro Bartoloni1, Samanta Sennati2, Tiziana Di Maggio2, Antonia Mantella3, Eleonora Riccobono2, Marianne Strohmeyer3, Carmen Revollo4, Ana Liz Villagran5, Lucia Pallecchi2, Gian Maria Rossolini6. 1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. 2. Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy. 3. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy. 4. Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud "Dr. Nestor Morales Villazón" (INLASA), La Paz, Bolivia. 5. Hospital Basico Villa Montes, Villa Montes, Bolivia. 6. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: gianni.rossolini@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bolivia is among the lowest-resourced South American countries, with very few data available on antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. The phenotypic and molecular characterization of bacterial isolates responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the Bolivian Chaco are reported here. METHODS: All clinical isolates from UTIs collected in the Hospital Basico Villa Montes between June 2010 and January 2014 were analyzed (N=213). Characterization included susceptibility testing, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) detection, identification of relevant resistance determinants (e.g., CTX-M-type ESBLs, 16S rRNA methyltransferases, glutathione S-transferases), and genotyping of CTX-M producers. RESULTS: Very high resistance rates were observed. Overall, the lowest susceptibility was observed for trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. Of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, 11.6% were ESBL producers. Resistance to nitrofurantoin, amikacin, and fosfomycin remained low, and susceptibility to carbapenems was fully preserved. CTX-M-15 was the dominant CTX-M variant. Four E. coli ST131 (two being H30-Rx) were identified. Of note, isolates harbouring rmtB and fosA3 were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Bolivia is not an exception to the very high resistance burden affecting many South American countries. Optimization of alternative approaches to monitor local antibiotic resistance trends in resource-limited settings is strongly encouraged to support the implementation of effective empiric treatment guidelines.
BACKGROUND: Bolivia is among the lowest-resourced South American countries, with very few data available on antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. The phenotypic and molecular characterization of bacterial isolates responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the Bolivian Chaco are reported here. METHODS: All clinical isolates from UTIs collected in the Hospital Basico Villa Montes between June 2010 and January 2014 were analyzed (N=213). Characterization included susceptibility testing, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) detection, identification of relevant resistance determinants (e.g., CTX-M-type ESBLs, 16S rRNA methyltransferases, glutathione S-transferases), and genotyping of CTX-M producers. RESULTS: Very high resistance rates were observed. Overall, the lowest susceptibility was observed for trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. Of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, 11.6% were ESBL producers. Resistance to nitrofurantoin, amikacin, and fosfomycin remained low, and susceptibility to carbapenems was fully preserved. CTX-M-15 was the dominant CTX-M variant. Four E. coli ST131 (two being H30-Rx) were identified. Of note, isolates harbouring rmtB and fosA3 were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Bolivia is not an exception to the very high resistance burden affecting many South American countries. Optimization of alternative approaches to monitor local antibiotic resistance trends in resource-limited settings is strongly encouraged to support the implementation of effective empiric treatment guidelines.
Authors: Jussyêgles Niedja da Paz Pereira; Carlos Alberto das Neves de Andrade; Jailton Lobo da Costa Lima; Reginaldo Gonçalves de Lima Neto; Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo; Maria Amélia Vieira Maciel Journal: Curr Microbiol Date: 2019-10-26 Impact factor: 2.188
Authors: David Ortega-Paredes; Sofía de Janon; Fernando Villavicencio; Katherine Jaramillo Ruales; Kenny De La Torre; José E Villacís; Jaap A Wagenaar; Jorge Matheu; Camila Bravo-Vallejo; Esteban Fernández-Moreira; Christian Vinueza-Burgos Journal: Front Vet Sci Date: 2020-11-25
Authors: Carlos Bastidas-Caldes; Daniel Romero-Alvarez; Victor Valdez-Vélez; Roberto D Morales; Andrés Montalvo-Hernández; Cicero Gomes-Dias; Manuel Calvopiña Journal: Infect Drug Resist Date: 2022-09-30 Impact factor: 4.177