David Chelo1, Edvine Wawo1, Valentin Siaha1, Aurelien Anakeu1, Francis Ateba Ndongo1, Paul Olivier Koki Ndombo1, Samuel Kingue1. 1. 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon ; 2 Mother and Child Center, Chantal Biya Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiac manifestations associated with the HIV infection are known adversely prognosis in adults and children, even at the infraclinical stage. Although cardiac complications of HIV infection are well described in adults, there are few reports in the paediatric age group. We performed echocardiography on a group of HIV-infected children in order to describe the spectrum of the anomalies associated with the HIV infection. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study on a cohort of HIV-infected children followed-up in a children's out-patient clinic. All had a thorough clinical evaluation and transthoracic echocardiography with Doppler flux analysis. The data collected were analyzed with SPPS 18.0, IBM, Chicago. Statistical significance was set at P value <0.05. RESULTS: One hundred children (52 males and 48 females) were studied. Their ages ranged from 1 to 15 years with a mean of 7 years. Forty four (44%) and 33 (33%) of the children were in World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage III and IV respectively. Fifty seven (57%) did not have any significant immune depression. The mean age at diagnosis of HIV infection was 3 years. Ninety one percent of the participants were on highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). At least one cardiac abnormality was found in 89% of the participants; right ventricular (RV) dilatation in 76%, LV diastolic dysfunction in 32%, LV hypertrophy in 12%, pericardial effusion in 11% and LV systolic dysfunction in 2%. These abnormalities were more prevalent in late stages of the infection. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac abnormalities are frequent in HIV-infected children, most of which remain asymptomatic. Routine echocardiography in HIV infected children will aid prompt diagnosis.
BACKGROUND: Cardiac manifestations associated with the HIV infection are known adversely prognosis in adults and children, even at the infraclinical stage. Although cardiac complications of HIV infection are well described in adults, there are few reports in the paediatric age group. We performed echocardiography on a group of HIV-infectedchildren in order to describe the spectrum of the anomalies associated with the HIV infection. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study on a cohort of HIV-infectedchildren followed-up in a children's out-patient clinic. All had a thorough clinical evaluation and transthoracic echocardiography with Doppler flux analysis. The data collected were analyzed with SPPS 18.0, IBM, Chicago. Statistical significance was set at P value <0.05. RESULTS: One hundred children (52 males and 48 females) were studied. Their ages ranged from 1 to 15 years with a mean of 7 years. Forty four (44%) and 33 (33%) of the children were in World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage III and IV respectively. Fifty seven (57%) did not have any significant immune depression. The mean age at diagnosis of HIV infection was 3 years. Ninety one percent of the participants were on highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). At least one cardiac abnormality was found in 89% of the participants; right ventricular (RV) dilatation in 76%, LV diastolic dysfunction in 32%, LV hypertrophy in 12%, pericardial effusion in 11% and LV systolic dysfunction in 2%. These abnormalities were more prevalent in late stages of the infection. CONCLUSIONS:Cardiac abnormalities are frequent in HIV-infectedchildren, most of which remain asymptomatic. Routine echocardiography in HIV infectedchildren will aid prompt diagnosis.
Authors: Roberto M Lang; Michelle Bierig; Richard B Devereux; Frank A Flachskampf; Elyse Foster; Patricia A Pellikka; Michael H Picard; Mary J Roman; James Seward; Jack S Shanewise; Scott D Solomon; Kirk T Spencer; Martin St John Sutton; William J Stewart Journal: J Am Soc Echocardiogr Date: 2005-12 Impact factor: 5.251
Authors: S E Lipshultz; K A Easley; E J Orav; S Kaplan; T J Starc; J T Bricker; W W Lai; D S Moodie; G Sopko; S D Colan Journal: Circulation Date: 2000-09-26 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Thomas J Starc; Steven E Lipshultz; Kirk A Easley; Samuel Kaplan; J Timothy Bricker; Steven D Colan; Wyman W Lai; Welton M Gersony; George Sopko; Douglas S Moodie; Mark D Schluchter Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2002-09 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Robert F Miller; Juan P Kaski; James Hakim; Jonathan Matenga; Kusum Nathoo; Shungu Munyati; Sujal R Desai; Elizabeth L Corbett; Rashida A Ferrand Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2012-10-24 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Edith D Majonga; Gugulethu Newton Mapurisa; Andrea M Rehman; Grace McHugh; Tsitsi Bandason; Hilda Mujuru; Carmen Gonzalez-Martinez; Jon O Odland; Neil Kennedy; Rashida A Ferrand Journal: Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc Date: 2021-11-20
Authors: Edith D Majonga; Andrea M Rehman; Victoria Simms; Grace Mchugh; Hilda A Mujuru; Kusum Nathoo; Jon O Odland; Mohammad S Patel; Juan P Kaski; Rashida A Ferrand Journal: AIDS Date: 2018-11-28 Impact factor: 4.177