CLINICAL QUESTION: Are people with sleep disorders at higher risk for language learning deficits than healthy sleepers? METHOD: Scoping Review. STUDY SOURCES: PubMed, Google Scholar, Trip Database, ClinicalTrials.gov. SEARCH TERMS: sleep disorders AND language AND learning; sleep disorders language learning -deprivation -epilepsy; sleep disorders AND verbal learning. NUMBER OF INCLUDED STUDIES: 36. PRIMARY RESULTS: Children and adults with sleep disorders were at a higher risk for language problems than healthy sleepers. The language problems typically co-occurred with problems of attention and executive function (in children and adults), behavior (in children), and visual-spatial processing (in adults). Effects were typically small. Language problems seldom rose to a level of clinical concern but there were exceptions involving phonological deficits in children with sleep-disordered breathing and verbal memory deficits among adults with sleep-disordered breathing or idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Case history interviews should include questions about limited sleep, poor-quality sleep, snoring, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Medical referrals for clients with suspected sleep disorders are prudent.
CLINICAL QUESTION: Are people with sleep disorders at higher risk for language learning deficits than healthy sleepers? METHOD: Scoping Review. STUDY SOURCES: PubMed, Google Scholar, Trip Database, ClinicalTrials.gov. SEARCH TERMS: sleep disorders AND language AND learning; sleep disorders language learning -deprivation -epilepsy; sleep disorders AND verbal learning. NUMBER OF INCLUDED STUDIES: 36. PRIMARY RESULTS: Children and adults with sleep disorders were at a higher risk for language problems than healthy sleepers. The language problems typically co-occurred with problems of attention and executive function (in children and adults), behavior (in children), and visual-spatial processing (in adults). Effects were typically small. Language problems seldom rose to a level of clinical concern but there were exceptions involving phonological deficits in children with sleep-disordered breathing and verbal memory deficits among adults with sleep-disordered breathing or idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Case history interviews should include questions about limited sleep, poor-quality sleep, snoring, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Medical referrals for clients with suspected sleep disorders are prudent.
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