BACKGROUND: The number of traumatic injuries among children is increasing. However, so-called mild TBI might result in unfavourable outcomes. Early diagnosis of intracranial haematomas prior to development of serious complications may be a decisive factor for a favourable outcome. InfraScan company developed and brought to the market the Infrascanner model 1000, which is a portable detector of blood collections that operates in the near infrared (NIR) band. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficiency of the Infrascanner model 1000 for detection of intracranial haematomas among children with mild TBI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-five patients with mild TBI were examined. An indication for cerebral CT after mild TBI was the presence of risk factors of intracranial lesions. The Infrascanner was used by a neurosurgeon during primary examination. CT was performed in 43 patients (45%), while 52 patients (55%) with a low risk of intracranial lesions were under observation. RESULTS: The results of examination of patients using CT and infrared scanning coincided in 39 cases and intracranial haematomas were detected in eight patients. False-positive results were obtained in three cases. The sensitivity of the procedure used in this group of patients with a medium and high risk of development of intracranial haemorrhages was 1.00 (0.66; 1.00). The specificity was 0.91 (0.81; 1.00)--the proportions and a 95% CI. The false-positive risk is 0.27 (0.00; 0.58). During infrared scanning in patients with low risk of intracranial lesions, false-positive results were obtained in four cases and false-negative results were absent. CONCLUSION: Infra-scanning might be viewed as a screening technique for intracranial haemorrhages in ambulances and outpatient trauma centres in order to decide on hospitalization, CT scanning and referral to a neurosurgeon. Infra-scanning combined with evaluation of risk factors of intracranial damage might reduce the number of unnecessary radiological examinations.
BACKGROUND: The number of traumatic injuries among children is increasing. However, so-called mild TBI might result in unfavourable outcomes. Early diagnosis of intracranial haematomas prior to development of serious complications may be a decisive factor for a favourable outcome. InfraScan company developed and brought to the market the Infrascanner model 1000, which is a portable detector of blood collections that operates in the near infrared (NIR) band. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficiency of the Infrascanner model 1000 for detection of intracranial haematomas among children with mild TBI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-five patients with mild TBI were examined. An indication for cerebral CT after mild TBI was the presence of risk factors of intracranial lesions. The Infrascanner was used by a neurosurgeon during primary examination. CT was performed in 43 patients (45%), while 52 patients (55%) with a low risk of intracranial lesions were under observation. RESULTS: The results of examination of patients using CT and infrared scanning coincided in 39 cases and intracranial haematomas were detected in eight patients. False-positive results were obtained in three cases. The sensitivity of the procedure used in this group of patients with a medium and high risk of development of intracranial haemorrhages was 1.00 (0.66; 1.00). The specificity was 0.91 (0.81; 1.00)--the proportions and a 95% CI. The false-positive risk is 0.27 (0.00; 0.58). During infrared scanning in patients with low risk of intracranial lesions, false-positive results were obtained in four cases and false-negative results were absent. CONCLUSION: Infra-scanning might be viewed as a screening technique for intracranial haemorrhages in ambulances and outpatienttrauma centres in order to decide on hospitalization, CT scanning and referral to a neurosurgeon. Infra-scanning combined with evaluation of risk factors of intracranial damage might reduce the number of unnecessary radiological examinations.
Authors: Andrew R Mayer; Mayank Kaushal; Andrew B Dodd; Faith M Hanlon; Nicholas A Shaff; Rebekah Mannix; Christina L Master; John J Leddy; David Stephenson; Christopher J Wertz; Elizabeth M Suelzer; Kristy B Arbogast; Timothy B Meier Journal: Neurosci Biobehav Rev Date: 2018-08-09 Impact factor: 8.989
Authors: Johan Ljungqvist; Stefan Candefjord; Mikael Persson; Lars Jönsson; Thomas Skoglund; Mikael Elam Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2017-03-13 Impact factor: 5.269
Authors: Matthew P Kirschen; Sage R Myers; Mark I Neuman; Joseph A Grubenhoff; Rebekah Mannix; Nicholas Stence; Edward Yang; Ashley L Woodford; Tyson Rogers; Anna Nordell; Arastoo Vossough; Mark R Zonfrillo Journal: West J Emerg Med Date: 2021-03-24