Capillary imbibition of aqueous foams by miscible and nonmiscible liquids.

When put in contact with a large liquid drop, dry foams wick owing to surface-tension-driven flows until reaching equilibrium. This work is devoted to the dynamics of this imbibition process. We consider imbibition of both wetting or nonwetting liquid, by putting the dry foam into contact either with the foaming solution that constitutes the foam or with organic oils. Indeed, with the appropriate choice of surfactants, oil spontaneously invades the liquid network of the foam without damaging it. Our experiments show an early-time dynamics in t(1/2) followed by a late-time dynamics in t(1/4). These features, which differ from theoretical works predicting a t(1/3) dynamics, are rationalized considering the influence of the initial liquid fraction of the foam in the driving capillary force and the impact of gravity through the capillary-gravity equilibrium.