Dan Ziegler1, Phillip A Low2, Roy Freeman3, Hans Tritschler4, Aaron I Vinik5. 1. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address: dan.ziegler@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de. 2. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 3. Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 4. MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Homburg, Germany. 5. Department of Medicine, EVMS Strelitz Diabetes Research Center and Neuroendocrine Unit, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA.
Abstract
AIMS: We aimed to analyze the impact of baseline factors on the efficacy of α-lipoic acid (ALA) over 4 years in the NATHAN 1 trial. METHODS: This was a post-hoc analysis of the NATHAN 1 trial, a 4-year randomized study including 460 diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate polyneuropathy usingALA 600 mg qd or placebo. Amongst others, efficacy measures were the Neuropathy Impairment Score of the lower limbs (NIS-LL) and heart rate during deep breathing (HRDB). RESULTS:Improvement and prevention of progression of NIS-LL (ΔNIS-LL≥2 points) with ALA vs. placebo after 4 years was predicted by higher age, lower BMI, male sex, normal blood pressure, history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), insulin treatment, longer duration of diabetes and neuropathy, and higher neuropathy stage. Participants treated with ALA who received ACE inhibitors showed a better outcome in HRDB after 4 years. CONCLUSIONS: Better outcome in neuropathic impairments following 4-year treatment with α-lipoic acid was predicted by normal BMI and blood pressure and higher burden due to CVD, diabetes, and neuropathy, while improvement in cardiac autonomic function was predicted by ACE inhibitor treatment. Thus, optimal control of CVD risk factors could contribute to improved efficacy of α-lipoic acid in patients with higher disease burden.
RCT Entities:
AIMS: We aimed to analyze the impact of baseline factors on the efficacy of α-lipoic acid (ALA) over 4 years in the NATHAN 1 trial. METHODS: This was a post-hoc analysis of the NATHAN 1 trial, a 4-year randomized study including 460 diabeticpatients with mild-to-moderate polyneuropathy using ALA 600 mg qd or placebo. Amongst others, efficacy measures were the Neuropathy Impairment Score of the lower limbs (NIS-LL) and heart rate during deep breathing (HRDB). RESULTS: Improvement and prevention of progression of NIS-LL (ΔNIS-LL≥2 points) with ALA vs. placebo after 4 years was predicted by higher age, lower BMI, male sex, normal blood pressure, history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), insulin treatment, longer duration of diabetes and neuropathy, and higher neuropathy stage. Participants treated with ALA who received ACE inhibitors showed a better outcome in HRDB after 4 years. CONCLUSIONS: Better outcome in neuropathic impairments following 4-year treatment with α-lipoic acid was predicted by normal BMI and blood pressure and higher burden due to CVD, diabetes, and neuropathy, while improvement in cardiac autonomic function was predicted by ACE inhibitor treatment. Thus, optimal control of CVD risk factors could contribute to improved efficacy of α-lipoic acid in patients with higher disease burden.
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