J C Arango-Lasprilla1, D Rivera2, M T Garza3, C P Saracho4, W Rodríguez5, Y Rodríguez-Agudelo6, A Aguayo7, S Schebela8, M Luna9, M Longoni10, C Martínez11, S Doyle12, N Ocampo-Barba13, J Galarza-Del-Angel14, A Aliaga15, M Bringas16, L Esenarro17, P García-Egan13, P B Perrin12. 1. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain. 2. Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain. 3. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico. 4. CETYS University, Mexicali, Mexico. 5. Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico. 6. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, Mexico City, Mexico. 7. Instituto Vocacional Enrique Díaz de León, Guadalajara, Mexico. 8. Instituto de Prevención Social, Asunción, Paraguay. 9. Universidad Dr. José Matías Delgado, San Salvador, El Salvador. 10. Clínica de rehabilitación Las Araucarias, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 11. Departamento de Medicina de Rehabilitación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 12. Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. 13. Fundación Horizontes, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. 14. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico. 15. Servicio Médico Legal, Ministerio de Justicia, Santiago, Chile. 16. International center for neurological Restoration CIREN, Havana, Cuba. 17. Instituto de Neuropsicología y Demencias, Lima, Peru.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test- Revised (HVLT-R) across 11 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate. METHOD: The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and, Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the HVLT-R as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. A standardized five-step statistical procedure was used to generate the norms. RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models explained 17- 45% of the variance in HVLT-R scores. Although t-tests showed significant differences between men and women in Guatemala on the HVLT-R, it was a small effect size. As a result, gender-adjusted norms were not generated. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study will have a substantial impact on the practice of neuropsychology in Latin America, as this is the first normative multicenter study to develop norms for the HVLT-R in this region.
OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test- Revised (HVLT-R) across 11 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate. METHOD: The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and, Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the HVLT-R as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. A standardized five-step statistical procedure was used to generate the norms. RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models explained 17- 45% of the variance in HVLT-R scores. Although t-tests showed significant differences between men and women in Guatemala on the HVLT-R, it was a small effect size. As a result, gender-adjusted norms were not generated. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study will have a substantial impact on the practice of neuropsychology in Latin America, as this is the first normative multicenter study to develop norms for the HVLT-R in this region.
Entities:
Keywords:
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test– Revised; Latin America; Normative data; verbal learning and memory
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