Lluís Cirera1, José María Huerta2, María Dolores Chirlaque3, Esther Molina-Montes4, Jone Miren Altzibar5, Eva Ardanaz6, Diana Gavrila2, Sandra Colorado-Yohar7, Aurelio Barricarte6, Larraitz Arriola5, José R Quirós8, Emilio Sánchez-Cantalejo4, María José Sánchez4, Antonio Agudo9, Carmen Navarro3. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain Lluis.Cirera@carm.es. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. 4. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. 5. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Instituto BIO-Donostia, Basque Government, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain. 6. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain Public Health Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. 7. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 8. Public Health Directorate, Oviedo, Spain. 9. Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The literature has consistently shown that extreme social-economic groups predicted type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), rather than summarising the social gradient throughout all society stratification. Body mass index (BMI) was established as the principal mediator, with little support for other anthropometries. Our aim was to investigate an individual life-course social position (LiSoP) gradient and its mediators with T2D risk in the EPIC-Spain cohort. METHODS: 36 296 participants (62% women), mostly aged 30-65 years, and free of T2D at baseline (1992-1996) were followed up for a mean of 12.1 years. A combined score of paternal occupation in childhood and own adult education assessed individual life-course social risk accumulation. Hazard ratios of T2D were estimated using Cox regression, stratifying by centre and age, and adjusting for different explanatory models, including anthropometric indices; dietary history; smoking and physical activity lifestyles; and clinical information. RESULTS: Final models evidenced significant risks in excess of 63% for middle and 90% for lower classes of LiSoP in men; and of 104 and 126%, respectively, in women. Concurrently, LiSoP presented significant social gradients for T2D risk (P < 0.01) in both sexes. Waist circumference (WC) accounted for most of the risk excess in women, and BMI and WC in men. CONCLUSIONS: LiSoP gradient was related to T2D risk in Spanish men and women. WC mostly explained the relationship in both genders, together with BMI in men, yet LiSoP retained an independent effect in final models.
BACKGROUND: The literature has consistently shown that extreme social-economic groups predicted type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), rather than summarising the social gradient throughout all society stratification. Body mass index (BMI) was established as the principal mediator, with little support for other anthropometries. Our aim was to investigate an individual life-course social position (LiSoP) gradient and its mediators with T2D risk in the EPIC-Spain cohort. METHODS: 36 296 participants (62% women), mostly aged 30-65 years, and free of T2D at baseline (1992-1996) were followed up for a mean of 12.1 years. A combined score of paternal occupation in childhood and own adult education assessed individual life-course social risk accumulation. Hazard ratios of T2D were estimated using Cox regression, stratifying by centre and age, and adjusting for different explanatory models, including anthropometric indices; dietary history; smoking and physical activity lifestyles; and clinical information. RESULTS: Final models evidenced significant risks in excess of 63% for middle and 90% for lower classes of LiSoP in men; and of 104 and 126%, respectively, in women. Concurrently, LiSoP presented significant social gradients for T2D risk (P < 0.01) in both sexes. Waist circumference (WC) accounted for most of the risk excess in women, and BMI and WC in men. CONCLUSIONS: LiSoP gradient was related to T2D risk in Spanish men and women. WC mostly explained the relationship in both genders, together with BMI in men, yet LiSoP retained an independent effect in final models.
Authors: Kimberly D Martin; Gloria L Beckles; Chengyi Wu; Leslie A McClure; April P Carson; Aleena Bennett; Kai McKeever Bullard; M Maria Glymour; Fred Unverzagt; Solveig Cunningham; Giuseppina Imperatore; Virginia J Howard Journal: Prev Med Date: 2021-10-18 Impact factor: 4.018
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Authors: Katharina Tabea Jungo; Boris Cheval; Stefan Sieber; Bernadette Wilhelmina Antonia van der Linden; Andreas Ihle; Cristian Carmeli; Arnaud Chiolero; Sven Streit; Stéphane Cullati Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-08-02 Impact factor: 3.752