Coil embolization for a vast and complex arteriovenous malformation in the posterior mediastinum.

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a kind of life threatened disease. Especially AVM in the posterior mediastinum is a rare, painful and it is difficult for treatment. We report a 44-year-old male patient who developed arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the posterior mediastinum. The patient complained 3 years of mild left back pain and chest congestion, and his pain increased over the last 3 months. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations showed an enhancing vascular lesion in the left posterior mediastinum which in contact with the descending thoracic aorta. It was initially misdiagnosed as lung mass. It was considered to be vascular malformations. His pain was completely resolved after steel coil embolization was successfully administered.