Stimuli-Responsive Free-Standing Layer-By-Layer Films.

Free-standing, stimuli-responsive polyelectrolyte multilayer films enabled by light-induced degradation of sacrificial compartments are introduced. Two examples are described: i) a triple responsive film that uses light, redox, and pH for different functions, and ii) different wavelengths of light for different functions. This approach to multiresponsive materials offers simple design and chemical synthesis while enabling different stimuli to perform separate functions in the same material.