Occupation and osteoarthritis.

From the aspect of industry, OA is one of the most important diseases as it frequently affects the active age group of the population and is the source of considerable loss of working hours and of disability. In addition, it has a detrimental effect on the quality of life. Epidemiological investigations fail to provide sufficient proof as to whether mechanical overloading of occupational origin, or due to sports, will lead to a higher incidence of OA. Mechanical and occupational stress is more likely to play a role in the articular localization of the disease. It is difficult to prove the occupational origin of OA and, in consequence, there is a considerable difference in the adoption of preventative measures in various countries. The clarification of the relationship between occupation and OA requires further, carefully planned, prospective epidemiological studies, including the investigation of both radiological and clinical symptoms and signs. Compressive, torsional, pulling and angular movements common in certain occupations or sports may result in injuries of soft tissue, thus increasing the development of OA. Consequently, the main task is prevention at the place of work or in sporting activities.