Amichai Perlman1, Raj C Shah2, David A Bennett2, Aron S Buchman2, Ilan Matok3. 1. Division of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and The David R. Bloom Center of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. 2. Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL. 3. Division of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and The David R. Bloom Center of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: Ilan.Matok@ekmd.huji.ac.il.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the use of antihypertensive and statin medication in very old adults is associated with the level of motor performance. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: A community-based study recruited from over 40 residential facilities across the metropolitan Chicago area. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling very old adults (n = 1520; mean age 80.2; standard deviation 7.7). MEASUREMENTS: Eleven motor performances were summarized using a composite motor score. All prescription and over the counter medications taken by participants were inspected and coded using the Medi-Span Data Base System. Demographic characteristics and medical history were obtained by means of detailed interview and medical examinations. RESULTS: In multiple linear regression models, antihypertensive medications were associated with global motor score [β = -0.075, standard error (SE) 0.011, P < .001]. Thus, motor function in an individual with antihypertensive medication, was on average, about 7.5% lower than an age-, sex-, and education-matched individual without antihypertensive medication. The number of antihypertensive medications, which were being used had an additive effect, such that a reduction in the level of motor function was observed with each additional medication, and receiving 3 or more antihypertensive medications was associated with about a 15% reduction in the level of motor function. The association between antihypertensive medications and motor function was robust, and remained unchanged after adjusting for confounding by indication using several potentially confounding variables: smoking, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and intermittent claudication (β = -0.05, SE 0.015, P = .001). In contrast, the use of statin medications was not related to motor function (unadjusted: β = 0.003, SE 0.015, P = .826; fully adjusted: β = 0.018, SE 0.014, P = .216). CONCLUSIONS: The use of antihypertensive medications is associated with a lower level of motor function in very old adults. The nature of this association warrants further investigation.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the use of antihypertensive and statin medication in very old adults is associated with the level of motor performance. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: A community-based study recruited from over 40 residential facilities across the metropolitan Chicago area. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling very old adults (n = 1520; mean age 80.2; standard deviation 7.7). MEASUREMENTS: Eleven motor performances were summarized using a composite motor score. All prescription and over the counter medications taken by participants were inspected and coded using the Medi-Span Data Base System. Demographic characteristics and medical history were obtained by means of detailed interview and medical examinations. RESULTS: In multiple linear regression models, antihypertensive medications were associated with global motor score [β = -0.075, standard error (SE) 0.011, P < .001]. Thus, motor function in an individual with antihypertensive medication, was on average, about 7.5% lower than an age-, sex-, and education-matched individual without antihypertensive medication. The number of antihypertensive medications, which were being used had an additive effect, such that a reduction in the level of motor function was observed with each additional medication, and receiving 3 or more antihypertensive medications was associated with about a 15% reduction in the level of motor function. The association between antihypertensive medications and motor function was robust, and remained unchanged after adjusting for confounding by indication using several potentially confounding variables: smoking, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and intermittent claudication (β = -0.05, SE 0.015, P = .001). In contrast, the use of statin medications was not related to motor function (unadjusted: β = 0.003, SE 0.015, P = .826; fully adjusted: β = 0.018, SE 0.014, P = .216). CONCLUSIONS: The use of antihypertensive medications is associated with a lower level of motor function in very old adults. The nature of this association warrants further investigation.
Authors: Alan S Go; Dariush Mozaffarian; Véronique L Roger; Emelia J Benjamin; Jarett D Berry; Michael J Blaha; Shifan Dai; Earl S Ford; Caroline S Fox; Sheila Franco; Heather J Fullerton; Cathleen Gillespie; Susan M Hailpern; John A Heit; Virginia J Howard; Mark D Huffman; Suzanne E Judd; Brett M Kissela; Steven J Kittner; Daniel T Lackland; Judith H Lichtman; Lynda D Lisabeth; Rachel H Mackey; David J Magid; Gregory M Marcus; Ariane Marelli; David B Matchar; Darren K McGuire; Emile R Mohler; Claudia S Moy; Michael E Mussolino; Robert W Neumar; Graham Nichol; Dilip K Pandey; Nina P Paynter; Matthew J Reeves; Paul D Sorlie; Joel Stein; Amytis Towfighi; Tanya N Turan; Salim S Virani; Nathan D Wong; Daniel Woo; Melanie B Turner Journal: Circulation Date: 2013-12-18 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Sari Rastas; Tuula Pirttilä; Petteri Viramo; Auli Verkkoniemi; Pirjo Halonen; Kati Juva; Leena Niinistö; Kimmo Mattila; Esko Länsimies; Raimo Sulkava Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2006-06 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Aron S Buchman; Robert S Wilson; Patricia A Boyle; Julia L Bienias; David A Bennett Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2007-01 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: John C Woolcott; Kathryn J Richardson; Matthew O Wiens; Bhavini Patel; Judith Marin; Karim M Khan; Carlo A Marra Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2009-11-23
Authors: Dima M Qato; G Caleb Alexander; Rena M Conti; Michael Johnson; Phil Schumm; Stacy Tessler Lindau Journal: JAMA Date: 2008-12-24 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Behnam Sabayan; Anna M Oleksik; Andrea B Maier; Mark A van Buchem; Rosalinde K E Poortvliet; Wouter de Ruijter; Jacobijn Gussekloo; Anton J M de Craen; Rudi G J Westendorp Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2012-11-05 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Dao W Wang; Akshitkumar M Mistry; Kristopher M Kahlig; Jennifer A Kearney; Jizhou Xiang; Alfred L George Journal: Front Pharmacol Date: 2010-12-31 Impact factor: 5.810
Authors: Aron S Buchman; Sue E Leurgans; Patricia A Boyle; Julie A Schneider; Steven E Arnold; David A Bennett Journal: BMC Med Date: 2011-04-20 Impact factor: 8.775
Authors: David A Bennett; Aron S Buchman; Patricia A Boyle; Lisa L Barnes; Robert S Wilson; Julie A Schneider Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2018 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Zhangyu Wang; Kaiwang Cui; Ruixue Song; Xuerui Li; Xiuying Qi; Aron S Buchman; David A Bennett; Weili Xu Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) Date: 2022-04-26