Mariko Sasaki1, Ryo Kawasaki2, Sophie Rogers3, Ryan Eyn Kidd Man4, Katsumasa Itakura3, Jing Xie3, Victoria Flood5, Kazuo Tsubota6, Ecosse Lamoureux7, Jie Jin Wang8. 1. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia 2Department of Ophthalmology, Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 3National Institute of Sensory Organs, National. 2. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia 5Department of Public Health, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan. 3. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia. 4. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia 6Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 5. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 8St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. 7. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia 6Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 9Duke-NUS Graduate Medical Schoo. 8. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia 10Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Researc.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the associations between dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 379 patients (median age: 66.0 years) with diabetes attending a diabetes eye clinic. Daily fatty acid intake was assessed by using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire and adjusted for energy intake. Diabetic retinopathy was graded from fundus photographs as no DR, nonproliferative DR, or proliferative DR. Patients were categorized as "well-controlled diabetes" (n = 123) and "poorly controlled diabetes" (n = 256), defined as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level < 7.0% or ≥ 7.0%, respectively. RESULTS: There were no associations between any fatty acid intake and DR. However, among patients with well-controlled diabetes, increasing daily intake of PUFAs was associated with a reduced likelihood of the presence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.59) and severity of DR after adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, mean arterial blood pressure, and duration of diabetes. Moreover, an increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was associated with increased likelihood of the presence (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.15-4.88) and severity of DR. No association was found among those with poorly controlled diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing PUFA intake was associated with a reduced likelihood of the presence and severity of DR in well-controlled diabetes, whereas increasing SFA intake was associated with an increased likelihood of the presence and severity of DR. Further studies to confirm this observation are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential role of dietary PUFA and SFA intake in the management of DR.
PURPOSE: To assess the associations between dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 379 patients (median age: 66.0 years) with diabetes attending a diabetes eye clinic. Daily fatty acid intake was assessed by using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire and adjusted for energy intake. Diabetic retinopathy was graded from fundus photographs as no DR, nonproliferative DR, or proliferative DR. Patients were categorized as "well-controlled diabetes" (n = 123) and "poorly controlled diabetes" (n = 256), defined as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level < 7.0% or ≥ 7.0%, respectively. RESULTS: There were no associations between any fatty acid intake and DR. However, among patients with well-controlled diabetes, increasing daily intake of PUFAs was associated with a reduced likelihood of the presence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.59) and severity of DR after adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, mean arterial blood pressure, and duration of diabetes. Moreover, an increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was associated with increased likelihood of the presence (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.15-4.88) and severity of DR. No association was found among those with poorly controlled diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing PUFA intake was associated with a reduced likelihood of the presence and severity of DR in well-controlled diabetes, whereas increasing SFA intake was associated with an increased likelihood of the presence and severity of DR. Further studies to confirm this observation are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential role of dietary PUFA and SFA intake in the management of DR.
Authors: Anima D Bühler; Felicitas Bucher; Michael Augustynik; Jan Wöhrl; Gottfried Martin; Günther Schlunck; Hansjürgen Agostini; Daniel Böhringer; Gerhard Pütz; Andreas Stahl Journal: BMC Ophthalmol Date: 2016-09-05 Impact factor: 2.209
Authors: Mark Y Z Wong; Ryan E K Man; Eva K Fenwick; Preeti Gupta; Ling-Jun Li; Rob M van Dam; Mary F Chong; Ecosse L Lamoureux Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-01-11 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: María Elena Rodríguez González-Herrero; Marcos Ruiz; Francisco Javier López Román; José María Marín Sánchez; Joan Carles Domingo Journal: Clin Ophthalmol Date: 2018-05-29