Sang Eun Lee1, Cheol Woong Yu2, Kyungil Park3, Kyung Woo Park1, Jung-Won Suh4, Young-Seok Cho4, Tae-Jin Youn4, In-Ho Chae4, Dong-Ju Choi4, Ho-Jun Jang5, Jin-Shik Park5, Sang-Hoon Na6, Hyo-Soo Kim1, Ki-Bong Kim7, Bon-Kwon Koo8. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 3. Department of Medicine, Dong-A Medical Center, Busan, Korea. 4. Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, Sejong General Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. 6. Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Institute of Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. 7. Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 8. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Institute of Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine physiological and clinical relevance of an anomalous right coronary artery originating from left sinus of Valsalva (right ACAOS) with interarterial course in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: For physiological assessment, fractional flow reserve (FFR) during dobutamine challenge was measured in 37 consecutive adult patients with lone right ACAOS with interarterial course. At baseline, mean FFR was 0.91±0.06, declining to 0.89±0.06 upon dobutamine infusion (p<0.001). Dobutamine stress FFR was significant (≤0.8) in three patients (8.1%), two of whom were surgically treated. Following surgery, dobutamine stress FFR rose from 0.76 to 0.94 and 0.76 to 0.98. Remodelling index (r=0.583, p=0.002), minimal lumen area (diastole: r=0.580, p=0.002; systole: r=0.0618, p<0.001) and per cent area stenosis (r=-0.550, p=0.004), measured by intravascular ultrasound, correlated with dobutamine stress FFR. To assess the clinical relevance, follow-up data of 119 patients with lone right ACAOS with interarterial course were analysed retrospectively. Two deaths occurred during a median follow-up period of 4 years, for a mortality rate of 0.34 per 100 person-year. No instances of myocardial infarction were recorded and one patient did undergo surgical revascularisation in the course follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Most instances of lone right ACAOS with interarterial course discovered in adults were physiologically insignificant and ran benign clinical courses. Conservative management may thus suffice in this setting if no definitive signs of myocardial ischaemia are evident. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
OBJECTIVE: To examine physiological and clinical relevance of an anomalous right coronary artery originating from left sinus of Valsalva (right ACAOS) with interarterial course in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: For physiological assessment, fractional flow reserve (FFR) during dobutamine challenge was measured in 37 consecutive adult patients with lone right ACAOS with interarterial course. At baseline, mean FFR was 0.91±0.06, declining to 0.89±0.06 upon dobutamine infusion (p<0.001). Dobutamine stress FFR was significant (≤0.8) in three patients (8.1%), two of whom were surgically treated. Following surgery, dobutamine stress FFR rose from 0.76 to 0.94 and 0.76 to 0.98. Remodelling index (r=0.583, p=0.002), minimal lumen area (diastole: r=0.580, p=0.002; systole: r=0.0618, p<0.001) and per cent area stenosis (r=-0.550, p=0.004), measured by intravascular ultrasound, correlated with dobutamine stress FFR. To assess the clinical relevance, follow-up data of 119 patients with lone right ACAOS with interarterial course were analysed retrospectively. Two deaths occurred during a median follow-up period of 4 years, for a mortality rate of 0.34 per 100 person-year. No instances of myocardial infarction were recorded and one patient did undergo surgical revascularisation in the course follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Most instances of lone right ACAOS with interarterial course discovered in adults were physiologically insignificant and ran benign clinical courses. Conservative management may thus suffice in this setting if no definitive signs of myocardial ischaemia are evident. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
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