[Molecular tumour therapy].

In recent years, molecular tumour therapy has dramatically improved the treatment of various types of cancer. Molecular therapy is expected to attack malignant cells more specifically with fewer side effects than conventional chemotherapy. Both kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies are key components of today's molecular cancer therapy. These substances cannot fully overcome the major tumour-biological problems, e.g. therapy resistance. However, as can be vividly seen with the example of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the rational design of molecularly designed drugs will considerably change therapeutic practice in oncology, albeit at the expense of exponentially growing health care costs.