C Vizzotti1, J González2, A Rearte1, A Urueña1, M Pérez Carrega1, R Calli3, A Gentile4, A Uboldi5, M Ramonet6, M Cañero-Velasco7, M Diosque1. 1. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas - Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Instituto de la Salud "Dr. Carlos Malbrán," Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 3. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Tucumán, Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones, Argentina. 4. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 5. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Santa Fe, Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones, Argentina. 6. Hospital Nacional Profesor Dr. Alejandro Posadas, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 7. Hospital de Niños de San Justo, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Single-dose hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination was implemented in all Argentinean children aged 12 months in 2005. Between 2005 and 2011, a dramatic decline was observed in HAV infection rates, fulminant hepatitis, and liver transplantation. This study assessed current viral circulation and estimated protective antibody persistence 4 years after vaccination. METHODS: Prevalence of prevaccination anti-HAV antibodies in 12-month-old children was evaluated as an indirect estimation of viral circulation (Group A). Seroprevalence was also measured in 5-year-old children who received 1 dose of HAV vaccine at 1 year of age (Group B). Blood samples were tested for immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti-HAV antibodies (seroprotection = ≥10 mIU/mL). All Group A-positive samples were tested for IgM anti-HAV antibodies to identify recent infections. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate associations between demographic and socioeconomic variables and seroprotection. RESULTS: Of 433 children from Group A, 29.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.2-33.8) were positive for IgG anti-HAV antibodies with a geometric mean concentration (GMC) of 6.17 mIU/mL (95% CI, 5.33-7.15 mIU/mL); all IgM anti-HAV were negative. From 1139 in Group B, 93% (95% CI, 91.7-94.6) maintained seroprotection with a GMC of 97.96 mIU/mL (95% CI, 89.21-107.57 mIU/mL). Kindergarten attendance was associated with seroprotection in Group B (odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% CI, 1.26-3.3). In contrast, high maternal educational level was associated with a lack of seroprotection in this group (OR, .26; 95% CI, .09-.8). CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose, universal hepatitis A immunization in infants resulted in low HAV circulation and persistent immunologic protection up to 4 years in Argentina. Variables associated with presence or absence of seroprotection in vaccinated children could be related to differences in hygiene habits in settings with residual viral circulation.
BACKGROUND: Single-dose hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination was implemented in all Argentinean children aged 12 months in 2005. Between 2005 and 2011, a dramatic decline was observed in HAV infection rates, fulminant hepatitis, and liver transplantation. This study assessed current viral circulation and estimated protective antibody persistence 4 years after vaccination. METHODS: Prevalence of prevaccination anti-HAV antibodies in 12-month-old children was evaluated as an indirect estimation of viral circulation (Group A). Seroprevalence was also measured in 5-year-old children who received 1 dose of HAV vaccine at 1 year of age (Group B). Blood samples were tested for immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti-HAV antibodies (seroprotection = ≥10 mIU/mL). All Group A-positive samples were tested for IgM anti-HAV antibodies to identify recent infections. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate associations between demographic and socioeconomic variables and seroprotection. RESULTS: Of 433 children from Group A, 29.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.2-33.8) were positive for IgG anti-HAV antibodies with a geometric mean concentration (GMC) of 6.17 mIU/mL (95% CI, 5.33-7.15 mIU/mL); all IgM anti-HAV were negative. From 1139 in Group B, 93% (95% CI, 91.7-94.6) maintained seroprotection with a GMC of 97.96 mIU/mL (95% CI, 89.21-107.57 mIU/mL). Kindergarten attendance was associated with seroprotection in Group B (odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% CI, 1.26-3.3). In contrast, high maternal educational level was associated with a lack of seroprotection in this group (OR, .26; 95% CI, .09-.8). CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose, universal hepatitis A immunization in infants resulted in low HAV circulation and persistent immunologic protection up to 4 years in Argentina. Variables associated with presence or absence of seroprotection in vaccinated children could be related to differences in hygiene habits in settings with residual viral circulation.
Authors: Carlos Espul; Laura Benedetti; Mariela Linares; Hector Cuello; Ivana Lo Castro; Yaël Thollot; Anvar Rasuli Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2017-09-21 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: Mikhail I Mikhailov; Maria A Lopatukhina; Fedor A Asadi Mobarhan; Lyudmila Yu Ilchenko; Tatyana V Kozhanova; Olga V Isaeva; Anastasiya A Karlsen; Ilya A Potemkin; Vera S Kichatova; Anna A Saryglar; Natalia D Oorzhak; Karen K Kyuregyan Journal: Vaccines (Basel) Date: 2020-12-20