Marianela Vara-Messler1,2,3, Maria E Pasqualini1,2, Andrea Comba1,2, Renata Silva1,2, Carola Buccellati4, Annalisa Trenti3, Lucia Trevisi3, Aldo R Eynard1,2, Angelo Sala4,5, Chiara Bolego3, Mirta A Valentich6,7. 1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba (INICSA-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. 2. Instituto de Biología Celular, Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. 3. Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padua, Italy. 4. Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy. 5. Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Italian National Research Council, Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy. 6. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud de Córdoba (INICSA-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. mirtavalentich@gmail.com. 7. Instituto de Biología Celular, Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrique Barros s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. mirtavalentich@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether α-linolenic acid (ALA ω-3 fatty acid) enriched diet affects growth parameters when applied to a syngeneic model of mammary carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BALB/c mice were divided and fed with: 1) a chia oil diet, rich in ALA or 2) a corn oil diet, rich in linoleic acid (LA ω-6 fatty acid). Mice were subcutaneously inoculated with a tumor cell line LM3, derived from a murine mammary adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: After 35 days, tumor incidence, weight, volume and metastasis number were lower in the ALA-fed mice, while tumor latency time was higher, and the release of pro-tumor metabolites derived from ω-6 fatty acids decreased in the tumor. Compared to the control group, a lower number of mitosis, a higher number of apoptotic bodies and higher T-lymphocyte infiltration were consistently observed in the ALA group. An ALA-rich diet decreased the estrogen receptor (ER) α expression, a recognized breast cancer promotor while showing an opposite effect on ERβ in tumor lysates. CONCLUSION: These data support the anticancer effect of an ALA-enriched diet, which might be used as a dietary strategy in breast cancer prevention.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether α-linolenic acid (ALA ω-3 fatty acid) enriched diet affects growth parameters when applied to a syngeneic model of mammary carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BALB/c mice were divided and fed with: 1) a chia oil diet, rich in ALA or 2) a cornoil diet, rich in linoleic acid (LA ω-6 fatty acid). Mice were subcutaneously inoculated with a tumor cell line LM3, derived from a murine mammary adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: After 35 days, tumor incidence, weight, volume and metastasis number were lower in the ALA-fed mice, while tumor latency time was higher, and the release of pro-tumor metabolites derived from ω-6 fatty acids decreased in the tumor. Compared to the control group, a lower number of mitosis, a higher number of apoptotic bodies and higher T-lymphocyte infiltration were consistently observed in the ALA group. An ALA-rich diet decreased the estrogen receptor (ER) α expression, a recognized breast cancer promotor while showing an opposite effect on ERβ in tumor lysates. CONCLUSION: These data support the anticancer effect of an ALA-enriched diet, which might be used as a dietary strategy in breast cancer prevention.
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