Cristina De Castro1, Immacolata Speciale2, Garry Duncan3, David D Dunigan4, Irina Agarkova4, Rosa Lanzetta2, Luisa Sturiale5, Angelo Palmigiano5, Domenico Garozzo5, Antonio Molinaro2, Michela Tonetti6, James L Van Etten4. 1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA) (Italy). decastro@unina.it. 2. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli (Italy). 3. Department of Biology, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, NE (USA). 4. Department of Plant Pathology and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0900 (USA). 5. CNR, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, 95126 Catania (Italy). 6. Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV/1, 16132 Genova (Italy).
Abstract
N-glycosylation is a fundamental modification of proteins and exists in the three domains of life and in some viruses, including the chloroviruses, for which a new type of core N-glycan is herein described. This N-glycan core structure, common to all chloroviruses, is a pentasaccharide with a β-glucose linked to an asparagine residue which is not located in the typical sequon N-X-T/S. The glucose is linked to a terminal xylose unit and a hyperbranched fucose, which is in turn substituted with a terminal galactose and a second xylose residue. The third position of the fucose unit is always linked to a rhamnose, which is a semiconserved element because its absolute configuration is virus-dependent. Additional decorations occur on this core N-glycan and represent a molecular signature for each chlorovirus.
N-glycosylation is a funn class="Chemical">damental modification of proteins and exists in the three domains of life and in some viruses, including the chloroviruses, for which a new type of core N-glycan is herein described. This N-glycan core structure, common to all chloroviruses, is a pentasaccharide with a β-glucose linked to an asparagine residue which is not located in the typical sequon N-X-T/S. The glucose is linked to a terminal xylose unit and a hyperbranchedfucose, which is in turn substituted with a terminal galactose and a secondxylose residue. The third position of the fucose unit is always linked to a rhamnose, which is a semiconserved element because its absolute configuration is virus-dependent. Additional decorations occur on this core N-glycan and represent a molecular signature for each chlorovirus.
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