Nina K Humphreys1, Rob Lowe1, Jaynie Rance2, Paul D Bennett3. 1. Psychology Department, School of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. 2. Department of Public Health, Policy and Social Sciences, School of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. 3. Psychology Department, School of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. Electronic address: P.D.BENNETT@Swansea.ac.uk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To explore the lived experiences of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients. BACKGROUND: Previous research suggests ICD recipients experience significant psychological distress with a focus on shock anxiety. In response, avoidant behaviors are often used which can lead to reduced quality of life, cardiac fitness and increased risk of arrhythmia. METHODS: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 18 recipients who had either received or not received an ICD shock was conducted. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach. RESULTS: Three themes with sub-themes were defined: (i) physical consequences; (ii) emotional consequences (feeling vulnerable and uncertain; anxiety and depression); and (iii) coping with the ICD (avoidance/restrictive behaviors; acceptance; concealment). CONCLUSION: ICD recipients might be helped by a psycho-social intervention that corrects false beliefs about exercise and offers some simple stress management techniques. Additional elements might include helping recipients to re-evaluate goals and find a valued sense of self which this study found aided ICD acceptance.
OBJECTIVES: To explore the lived experiences of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients. BACKGROUND: Previous research suggests ICD recipients experience significant psychological distress with a focus on shock anxiety. In response, avoidant behaviors are often used which can lead to reduced quality of life, cardiac fitness and increased risk of arrhythmia. METHODS: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 18 recipients who had either received or not received an ICD shock was conducted. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach. RESULTS: Three themes with sub-themes were defined: (i) physical consequences; (ii) emotional consequences (feeling vulnerable and uncertain; anxiety and depression); and (iii) coping with the ICD (avoidance/restrictive behaviors; acceptance; concealment). CONCLUSION:ICD recipients might be helped by a psycho-social intervention that corrects false beliefs about exercise and offers some simple stress management techniques. Additional elements might include helping recipients to re-evaluate goals and find a valued sense of self which this study found aided ICD acceptance.