Aldo Pende1, Nathan Artom1, Maria Bertolotto1, Fabrizio Montecucco1,2,3, Franco Dallegri1. 1. Clinic of Internal Medicine 1, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy. 2. Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 3. Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The role of neutrophils in the beginning and the progression of the atherosclerotic process did not receive much attention until the last years. On the contrary, recent data, in both the experimental animals and humans, suggest important effects of these cells with possible clinical consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This narrative review was based on the papers found on PubMed and MEDLINE up to July 2015. The search terms used were 'neutrophil, atherosclerosis' in combination with 'recruitment, chemokine, plaque destabilization and pathophysiology'. RESULTS: Different models demonstrate the presence and the actions of neutrophils in the early steps of the atherogenesis confirming the fundamental role of these cells in the response of the innate immune system to different pathogens (in this context the modified lipoproteins). However, also the late phases of the atherosclerotic process, in particular the destabilization of a mature plaque, seem to be modulated by the neutrophils, possibly through the interaction with recently discovered biological systems such as the endocannabinoids. CONCLUSIONS: The understanding of the mechanisms involved in the modulation exerted by neutrophils in atherosclerosis is pivotal in terms of the complete definition of the overall picture. This approach will certainly give us new targets and new pharmacological opportunities for the anti-inflammatory strategy of the cardiovascular prevention.
BACKGROUND: The role of neutrophils in the beginning and the progression of the atherosclerotic process did not receive much attention until the last years. On the contrary, recent data, in both the experimental animals and humans, suggest important effects of these cells with possible clinical consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This narrative review was based on the papers found on PubMed and MEDLINE up to July 2015. The search terms used were 'neutrophil, atherosclerosis' in combination with 'recruitment, chemokine, plaque destabilization and pathophysiology'. RESULTS: Different models demonstrate the presence and the actions of neutrophils in the early steps of the atherogenesis confirming the fundamental role of these cells in the response of the innate immune system to different pathogens (in this context the modified lipoproteins). However, also the late phases of the atherosclerotic process, in particular the destabilization of a mature plaque, seem to be modulated by the neutrophils, possibly through the interaction with recently discovered biological systems such as the endocannabinoids. CONCLUSIONS: The understanding of the mechanisms involved in the modulation exerted by neutrophils in atherosclerosis is pivotal in terms of the complete definition of the overall picture. This approach will certainly give us new targets and new pharmacological opportunities for the anti-inflammatory strategy of the cardiovascular prevention.
Authors: Tina I Chang; Xiuju Wu; Kristina I Boström; Hoang-Anh Tran; Paulo Henrique Couto-Souza; Arthur H Friedlander Journal: Dentomaxillofac Radiol Date: 2021-06-16 Impact factor: 2.419
Authors: Darren G Woodside; Eric A Tanifum; Ketan B Ghaghada; Ronald J Biediger; Amy R Caivano; Zbigniew A Starosolski; Sayadeth Khounlo; Saakshi Bhayana; Shahrzad Abbasi; John W Craft; David S Maxwell; Chandreshkumar Patel; Igor V Stupin; Deenadayalan Bakthavatsalam; Robert V Market; James T Willerson; Richard A F Dixon; Peter Vanderslice; Ananth V Annapragada Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2018-02-27 Impact factor: 4.379