Jaakko Airaksinen1, Christian Hakulinen2, Laura Pulkki-Råback3, Terho Lehtimäki4, Olli T Raitakari5, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen2, Markus Jokela2. 1. Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland jaakko.airaksinen@helsinki.fi. 2. Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 3. Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 4. Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland. 5. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neighbourhood characteristics have been associated with health behaviours of residents. We used longitudinal data to examine whether neighbourhood characteristics (level of urbanization and socioeconomic status) are related to within-individual variations in health behaviours (alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise and self-interest in health) as people live in different neighbourhoods over time. METHODS: Participants were from the Young Finns prospective cohort study (N = 3145) with four repeated measurement times (1992, 2001, 2007 and 2011/2012). Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and level of urbanization were measured on the level of municipality and zip code area. Within-individual (i.e. fixed-effect) regression was used to examine whether these associations were observed within individuals who lived in different neighbourhood in different measurement times. RESULTS: People living in more urban zip code areas were more likely to smoke (b = 0.06; CI = 0.03-0.09) and drink alcohol (b = 0.11; CI = 0.08-0.14), and these associations were replicated in within-individual analysis-supporting social causation. Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and urbanization were associated with higher interest in maintaining personal health (b = 0.05; CI = 0.03-0.08 and b = 0.05; CI = 0.02-0.07, respectively), and these associations were also similar in within-individual analysis. Physical exercise was not associated with neighbourhood characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: These data lend partial support for the hypothesis that neighbourhood differences influence people's health behaviours.
BACKGROUND: Neighbourhood characteristics have been associated with health behaviours of residents. We used longitudinal data to examine whether neighbourhood characteristics (level of urbanization and socioeconomic status) are related to within-individual variations in health behaviours (alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise and self-interest in health) as people live in different neighbourhoods over time. METHODS:Participants were from the Young Finns prospective cohort study (N = 3145) with four repeated measurement times (1992, 2001, 2007 and 2011/2012). Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and level of urbanization were measured on the level of municipality and zip code area. Within-individual (i.e. fixed-effect) regression was used to examine whether these associations were observed within individuals who lived in different neighbourhood in different measurement times. RESULTS:People living in more urban zip code areas were more likely to smoke (b = 0.06; CI = 0.03-0.09) and drink alcohol (b = 0.11; CI = 0.08-0.14), and these associations were replicated in within-individual analysis-supporting social causation. Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and urbanization were associated with higher interest in maintaining personal health (b = 0.05; CI = 0.03-0.08 and b = 0.05; CI = 0.02-0.07, respectively), and these associations were also similar in within-individual analysis. Physical exercise was not associated with neighbourhood characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: These data lend partial support for the hypothesis that neighbourhood differences influence people's health behaviours.
Authors: Auriba Raza; Martin Claeson; Linda Magnusson Hanson; Hugo Westerlund; Marianna Virtanen; Jaana I Halonen Journal: Ann Behav Med Date: 2021-07-22
Authors: Christina Mair; Jessica Frankeberger; Paul J Gruenewald; Christopher N Morrison; Bridget Freisthler Journal: Curr Epidemiol Rep Date: 2019-09-13