Miku Saito1, Taihiko Yamaguchi2, Saki Mikami3, Kazuhiko Watanabe3, Akihito Gotouda3, Kazuki Okada3, Ryuki Hishikawa4, Eiji Shibuya5, Yoshie Shibuya5, Gilles Lavigne6. 1. Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan. 2. Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan. taihiko@den.hokudai.ac.jp. 3. Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Center for Advanced Oral Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. 4. Department of Dental Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. 5. Erumunomori Medical Clinic, Sapporo, Japan. 6. Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: No definitive associations or causal relationships have been determined between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) and sleep bruxism (SB). The purpose of this study was to investigate, in a population reporting awareness of both OSAH and SB, the associations between each specific breathing and jaw muscle event. METHODS: Polysomnography and audio-video data of 59 patients reporting concomitant OSAH and SB history were analyzed. Masseteric bursts after sleep onset were scored and classified into three categories: (1) sleep rhythmic masticatory muscle activity with SB (RMMA/SB), (2) sleep oromotor activity other than RMMA/SB (Sleep-OMA), and (3) wake oromotor activity after sleep onset (Wake-OMA). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analyses were performed. Dependent variables were the number of RMMA/SB episodes, RMMA/SB bursts, Sleep-OMA, and Wake-OMA; independent variables were apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), arousal index(AI), body mass index(BMI), gender, and age. RESULTS: Although all subjects had a history of both SB and OSAH, sleep laboratory results confirmed that these conditions were concomitant in only 50.8 % of subjects. Moderate correlations were found in the following combinations (p < 0.05); RMMA/SB episode with AI, RMMA/SB burst with AI and age, Sleep-OMA burst with AHI, and Wake-OMA burst with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that (1) sleep arousals in patients with concomitant SB and OSAH are not strongly associated with onset of RMMA/SB and (2) apnea-hypopnea events appear to be related to higher occurrence of other types of sleep oromotor activity, and not SB activity. SB genesis and OSAH activity during sleep are probably influenced by different mechanisms.
PURPOSE: No definitive associations or causal relationships have been determined between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) and sleep bruxism (SB). The purpose of this study was to investigate, in a population reporting awareness of both OSAH and SB, the associations between each specific breathing and jaw muscle event. METHODS: Polysomnography and audio-video data of 59 patients reporting concomitant OSAH and SB history were analyzed. Masseteric bursts after sleep onset were scored and classified into three categories: (1) sleep rhythmic masticatory muscle activity with SB (RMMA/SB), (2) sleep oromotor activity other than RMMA/SB (Sleep-OMA), and (3) wake oromotor activity after sleep onset (Wake-OMA). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analyses were performed. Dependent variables were the number of RMMA/SB episodes, RMMA/SB bursts, Sleep-OMA, and Wake-OMA; independent variables were apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), arousal index(AI), body mass index(BMI), gender, and age. RESULTS: Although all subjects had a history of both SB and OSAH, sleep laboratory results confirmed that these conditions were concomitant in only 50.8 % of subjects. Moderate correlations were found in the following combinations (p < 0.05); RMMA/SB episode with AI, RMMA/SB burst with AI and age, Sleep-OMA burst with AHI, and Wake-OMA burst with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that (1) sleep arousals in patients with concomitant SB and OSAH are not strongly associated with onset of RMMA/SB and (2) apnea-hypopnea events appear to be related to higher occurrence of other types of sleep oromotor activity, and not SB activity. SB genesis and OSAH activity during sleep are probably influenced by different mechanisms.
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