The role of gene variants of the inflammatory markers CRP and TNF-α in cardiovascular heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.

It is widely acknowledged that cardiovascular heart disease (CHD) has a genetic influence. Several studies have investigated the role of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the causation of cardiovascular diseases. Although there have been several positive studies associating CRP and TNF-α genes with CHD, the evidence is not entirely consistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to gain a better understanding into this issue. The meta-analysis was conducted with 22 articles of genetic association studies of CRP (G1059C rs1800947, C1444T rs1130864, C717T rs2794521 and G3872A rs1205) and TNF-α (C857T rs1799724, C863A rs1800630 and T1031C rs1799964) genes. To analyze the association of these variants with CHD we used the following models: allelic, additive, dominant and recessive. In addition, we performed a sub-group analysis by Caucasian population using the same four models. CRP and TNF-α gene polymorphisms showed a positive significant association with CHD. This study provides evidence that rs2794521 of the CRP gene and rs1799724, rs1800630 and rs1799964 of the TNF-α gene polymorphisms may be risk factors to manifest CHD. The analysis of rs1800947 and rs1205 of the CRP gene yielded a protective effect in the pathogenesis of this disease. Only the analysis of the rs1130864 polymorphism showed a lack of association with CHD. To have conclusive outcomes it is necessary to integrate more studies to confirm our findings.