Ewelina Mielczarek1, Joanna Blaszkowska2. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Ludwig Rydygier Medical Center in Lodz, 13 Sterlinga Street, 90-217, Lodz, Poland. 2. Department of Diagnostics and Treatment of Parasitic Diseases and Mycoses, Medical University of Lodz, Pl. Hallera 1, 90-647, Lodz, Poland. joanna.blaszkowska@umed.lodz.pl.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Trichomonas vaginalis, which colonizes the genitourinary tract of men and women, is a sexually transmitted parasite causing symptomatic or asymptomatic trichomoniasis. The host-parasite relationship is very complex, and clinical symptoms cannot likely be attributed to a single pathogenic effect. Among the many factors responsible for interactions between T. vaginalis and host tissues, contact-dependent and contact-independent mechanisms are important in pathogenicity, as is the immune response. METHODS: This review focuses on the potential virulence properties of T. vaginalis and its role in female and male infertility. RESULTS: It highlights the association between T. vaginalis infection and serious adverse health consequences experienced by women, including infertility, preterm birth and low-birth-weight infants. Long-term clinical observations and results of in vitro experimental studies indicate that in men, trichomoniasis has been also associated with infertility through inflammatory damage to the genitourinary tract or interference with sperm function. CONCLUSION: These results contribute significantly to improving our knowledge of the role of parasitic virulence factors in the development of infection and its role in human infertility.
PURPOSE:Trichomonas vaginalis, which colonizes the genitourinary tract of men and women, is a sexually transmitted parasite causing symptomatic or asymptomatic trichomoniasis. The host-parasite relationship is very complex, and clinical symptoms cannot likely be attributed to a single pathogenic effect. Among the many factors responsible for interactions between T. vaginalis and host tissues, contact-dependent and contact-independent mechanisms are important in pathogenicity, as is the immune response. METHODS: This review focuses on the potential virulence properties of T. vaginalis and its role in female and male infertility. RESULTS: It highlights the association between T. vaginalis infection and serious adverse health consequences experienced by women, including infertility, preterm birth and low-birth-weight infants. Long-term clinical observations and results of in vitro experimental studies indicate that in men, trichomoniasis has been also associated with infertility through inflammatory damage to the genitourinary tract or interference with sperm function. CONCLUSION: These results contribute significantly to improving our knowledge of the role of parasitic virulence factors in the development of infection and its role in humaninfertility.
Authors: María G Ramírez-Ledesma; Yordan J Romero-Contreras; Mayra C Rodríguez; Ruth Reyes-Cortes; Patricia Cuéllar-Mata; Eva E Avila Journal: Parasitol Res Date: 2022-03-08 Impact factor: 2.289
Authors: Richard H Asmah; Harriet N A Blankson; Kekeli A Seanefu; Noah Obeng-Nkrumah; Georgina Awuah-Mensah; Momodou Cham; Patrick F Ayeh-Kumi Journal: BMC Womens Health Date: 2017-12-13 Impact factor: 2.809
Authors: Ding He; Gong Pengtao; Yang Ju; Li Jianhua; Li He; Zhang Guocai; Zhang Xichen Journal: Korean J Parasitol Date: 2017-04-30 Impact factor: 1.341
Authors: Luz-Jeannette Sierra; Amy G Brown; Guillermo O Barilá; Lauren Anton; Carrie E Barnum; Snehal S Shetye; Louis J Soslowsky; Michal A Elovitz Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-01-18 Impact factor: 3.240