Sooky Lum1, Vassiliki Bountziouka1, Angela Wade2, Ah-Fong Hoo3, Jane Kirkby3, Antonio Moreno-Galdo4, Ines de Mir4, Olaia Sardon-Prado5, Paula Corcuera-Elosegui6, Joerg Mattes7, Luis Miguel Borrego8, Gwyneth Davies3, Janet Stocks1. 1. Respiratory, Critical Care & Anaesthesia section in IIIP Programme, UCL, Institute of Child Health, London, UK. 2. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Nutrition and Biostatistics Section, UCL, Institute of Child Health, UK. 3. Respiratory, Critical Care & Anaesthesia section in IIIP Programme, UCL, Institute of Child Health, London, UK Respiratory Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. 4. Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 5. Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain Department of Paediatrics, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain. 6. Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain. 7. School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia Department of Paediatric Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, Australia. 8. Centro de Alergia, CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: The raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RVRTC) technique is commonly used to obtain full forced expiratory manoeuvres from infants, but reference equations derived from 'in-house' equipment have been shown to be inappropriate for current commercially available devices. AIM: To explore the impact of equipment differences on RVRTC outcomes, derive robust equipment-specific RVRTC reference ranges and investigate their potential clinical impact on data interpretation. METHOD: RVRTC data from healthy subjects using Jaeger BabyBody or the 'Respiratory Analysis Software Program, RASP' systems were collated from four centres internationally. Data were excluded if gestational age <37 weeks or birth weight <2.5 kg. Reference equations for RVRTC outcomes were constructed using the LMS (lambda-mu-sigma) method, and compared with published equations using data from newborn screened infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). RESULTS: RVRTC data from 429 healthy infants (50.3% boys; 88% white infants) on 639 occasions aged 4-118 weeks were available. When plotted against length, flows were significantly higher with RASP than Jaeger, requiring construction of separate equipment-specific regression equations. When comparing results derived from the new equations with those from widely used published equations based on different equipments, discrepancies in forced expiratory volumes and flows of up to 2.5 z-scores were observed, the magnitude of which increased with age. According to published equations, 25% of infants with CF fell below the 95% limits of normal for FEV0.5, compared with only 10% when using the new equations. CONCLUSIONS: Use of equipment-specific prediction equations for RVRTC outcomes will enhance interpretation of infant lung function results; particularly during longitudinal follow-up. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
UNLABELLED: The raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RVRTC) technique is commonly used to obtain full forced expiratory manoeuvres from infants, but reference equations derived from 'in-house' equipment have been shown to be inappropriate for current commercially available devices. AIM: To explore the impact of equipment differences on RVRTC outcomes, derive robust equipment-specific RVRTC reference ranges and investigate their potential clinical impact on data interpretation. METHOD: RVRTC data from healthy subjects using Jaeger BabyBody or the 'Respiratory Analysis Software Program, RASP' systems were collated from four centres internationally. Data were excluded if gestational age <37 weeks or birth weight <2.5 kg. Reference equations for RVRTC outcomes were constructed using the LMS (lambda-mu-sigma) method, and compared with published equations using data from newborn screened infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). RESULTS: RVRTC data from 429 healthy infants (50.3% boys; 88% white infants) on 639 occasions aged 4-118 weeks were available. When plotted against length, flows were significantly higher with RASP than Jaeger, requiring construction of separate equipment-specific regression equations. When comparing results derived from the new equations with those from widely used published equations based on different equipments, discrepancies in forced expiratory volumes and flows of up to 2.5 z-scores were observed, the magnitude of which increased with age. According to published equations, 25% of infants with CF fell below the 95% limits of normal for FEV0.5, compared with only 10% when using the new equations. CONCLUSIONS: Use of equipment-specific prediction equations for RVRTC outcomes will enhance interpretation of infant lung function results; particularly during longitudinal follow-up. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
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