M D Chafetz1, M A Williams2, Y S Ben-Porath3, K J Bianchini4, K B Boone5, M W Kirkwood6, G J Larrabee7, J S Ord8. 1. a Algiers Neurobehavioral Resource, LLC , New Orleans , LA , USA. 2. b Private Practice , Mount Pleasant , SC , USA. 3. c Department of Psychology , Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA. 4. d Jefferson Neurobehavioral Group , Metairie , LA , USA. 5. e California School of Forensic Studies , Alliant International University , Los Angeles , CA , USA. 6. f Children's Hospital Colorado & University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , CO , USA. 7. g Independent Practice , Sarasota , FL , USA. 8. h Gieger, Laborde & Laperouse , New Orleans , LA , USA.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: The milestone publication by Slick, Sherman, and Iverson (1999) of criteria for determining malingered neurocognitive dysfunction led to extensive research on validity testing. Position statements by the National Academy of Neuropsychology and the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) recommended routine validity testing in neuropsychological evaluations. Despite this widespread scientific and professional support, the Social Security Administration (SSA) continued to discourage validity testing, a stance that led to a congressional initiative for SSA to reevaluate their position. In response, SSA commissioned the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to evaluate the science concerning the validation of psychological testing. The IOM concluded that validity assessment was necessary in psychological and neuropsychological examinations (IOM, 2015 ). OBJECTIVE: The AACN sought to provide independent expert guidance and recommendations concerning the use of validity testing in disability determinations. METHOD: A panel of contributors to the science of validity testing and its application to the disability process was charged with describing why the disability process for SSA needs improvement, and indicating the necessity for validity testing in disability exams. RESULTS: This work showed how the determination of malingering is a probability proposition, described how different types of validity tests are appropriate, provided evidence concerning non-credible findings in children and low-functioning individuals, and discussed the appropriate evaluation of pain disorders typically seen outside of mental consultations. CONCLUSIONS: A scientific plan for validity assessment that additionally protects test security is needed in disability determinations and in research on classification accuracy of disability decisions.
UNLABELLED: The milestone publication by Slick, Sherman, and Iverson (1999) of criteria for determining malingered neurocognitive dysfunction led to extensive research on validity testing. Position statements by the National Academy of Neuropsychology and the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) recommended routine validity testing in neuropsychological evaluations. Despite this widespread scientific and professional support, the Social Security Administration (SSA) continued to discourage validity testing, a stance that led to a congressional initiative for SSA to reevaluate their position. In response, SSA commissioned the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to evaluate the science concerning the validation of psychological testing. The IOM concluded that validity assessment was necessary in psychological and neuropsychological examinations (IOM, 2015 ). OBJECTIVE: The AACN sought to provide independent expert guidance and recommendations concerning the use of validity testing in disability determinations. METHOD: A panel of contributors to the science of validity testing and its application to the disability process was charged with describing why the disability process for SSA needs improvement, and indicating the necessity for validity testing in disability exams. RESULTS: This work showed how the determination of malingering is a probability proposition, described how different types of validity tests are appropriate, provided evidence concerning non-credible findings in children and low-functioning individuals, and discussed the appropriate evaluation of pain disorders typically seen outside of mental consultations. CONCLUSIONS: A scientific plan for validity assessment that additionally protects test security is needed in disability determinations and in research on classification accuracy of disability decisions.
Entities:
Keywords:
Disability determinations; Malingered pain-related disability (MPRD).; Malingering; Performance validity test (PVT); Social Security Administration (SSA); Symptom validity test (SVT)
Authors: Mark Sherer; Angelle M Sander; Jennie Ponsford; Leia Vos; Julia M P Poritz; Esther Ngan; Luis Leon Novelo Journal: J Int Neuropsychol Soc Date: 2020-05-27 Impact factor: 2.892