Nanotechnology Approaches for the Delivery of Exogenous siRNA for HIV Therapy.

RNA interference (RNAi) is triggered by oligonucleotides that are about 21-23 nucleotides long and are capable of inducing the destruction of complementary mRNA. The RNAi technique has been successfully utilized to target HIV replication; however, the main limitation to the successful utilization of this technique in vivo is the inability of naked siRNA to cross the cell membrane by diffusion due to its strong anionic charge and large molecular weight. This review describes current nonviral nanotechnological approaches to deliver anti-HIV siRNAs for the treatment of HIV infection.