Denise Oró1, Tetyana Yudina2, Guillermo Fernández-Varo3, Eudald Casals2, Vedrana Reichenbach1, Gregori Casals1, Bernardino González de la Presa1, Silvia Sandalinas1, Silvia Carvajal1, Victor Puntes4, Wladimiro Jiménez5. 1. Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain. 2. Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra, Spain. 3. Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Department Ciencies Fisiologiques I, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 4. Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra, Spain; Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Insitute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: victor.puntes@icn.cat. 5. Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Department Ciencies Fisiologiques I, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: wjimenez@clinic.ub.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have proven to behave as free radical scavengers and/or anti-inflammatory agents. The aim of the study was to determine whether CeO2NPs display hepatoprotective properties in experimental chronic liver disease. METHODS: Systemic and hepatic effects of nanoparticles were assessed in CCl4-treated rats receiving CeO2NPs or vehicle twice weekly for two weeks and CCl4 treatment was continued for 8 additional weeks. Thereafter, mean arterial pressure and portal pressure (PP) were assessed and serum samples obtained to measure standard hepatic and renal function tests. Organ and subcellular distribution of NPs were assessed using mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and transmission electron microscopy. Liver samples were obtained to evaluate steatosis, α-SMA expression, macrophage infiltration, apoptosis and mRNA expression of oxidative stress, inflammatory or vasoactive related genes. RESULTS: Most CeO2NPs were located in the liver and it reduced hepatic steatosis, ameliorated systemic inflammatory biomarkers and improved PP without affecting mean arterial pressure. In addition, a marked reduction in mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL1β, COX-2, iNOS), ET-1 and messengers related to oxidative (Epx, Ncf1, Ncf2) or endoplasmic reticulum (Atf3, Hspa5) stress signaling pathways was observed in the liver of rats receiving CeO2NPs. This was associated with reduced macrophage infiltration and reduced abundance of caspase-3, α-SMA and inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: CeO2NPs administration to CCl4-treated rats protects against chronic liver injury by reducing liver steatosis and portal hypertension and markedly attenuating the intensity of the inflammatory response, thereby suggesting that CeO2NPs may be of therapeutic value in chronic liver disease.
BACKGROUND & AIMS:Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have proven to behave as free radical scavengers and/or anti-inflammatory agents. The aim of the study was to determine whether CeO2NPs display hepatoprotective properties in experimental chronic liver disease. METHODS: Systemic and hepatic effects of nanoparticles were assessed in CCl4-treated rats receiving CeO2NPs or vehicle twice weekly for two weeks and CCl4 treatment was continued for 8 additional weeks. Thereafter, mean arterial pressure and portal pressure (PP) were assessed and serum samples obtained to measure standard hepatic and renal function tests. Organ and subcellular distribution of NPs were assessed using mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and transmission electron microscopy. Liver samples were obtained to evaluate steatosis, α-SMA expression, macrophage infiltration, apoptosis and mRNA expression of oxidative stress, inflammatory or vasoactive related genes. RESULTS: Most CeO2NPs were located in the liver and it reduced hepatic steatosis, ameliorated systemic inflammatory biomarkers and improved PP without affecting mean arterial pressure. In addition, a marked reduction in mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL1β, COX-2, iNOS), ET-1 and messengers related to oxidative (Epx, Ncf1, Ncf2) or endoplasmic reticulum (Atf3, Hspa5) stress signaling pathways was observed in the liver of rats receiving CeO2NPs. This was associated with reduced macrophage infiltration and reduced abundance of caspase-3, α-SMA and inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS:CeO2NPs administration to CCl4-treated rats protects against chronic liver injury by reducing liver steatosis and portal hypertension and markedly attenuating the intensity of the inflammatory response, thereby suggesting that CeO2NPs may be of therapeutic value in chronic liver disease.
Authors: Uschi M Graham; Robert A Yokel; Alan K Dozier; Lawrence Drummy; Krishnamurthy Mahalingam; Michael T Tseng; Eileen Birch; Joseph Fernback Journal: Toxicol Pathol Date: 2017-11-16 Impact factor: 1.902
Authors: Robert A Yokel; Matthew L Hancock; Eric A Grulke; Jason M Unrine; Alan K Dozier; Uschi M Graham Journal: Nanotoxicology Date: 2019-02-07 Impact factor: 5.913