Anick Bérard1,2, Odile Sheehy1, Jin-Ping Zhao1,2, Hedvig Nordeng3. 1. Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 3. PharmacoEpidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Macrolides have been linked to the occurrence of congenital heart defects, but findings are inconsistent. We therefore aimed to estimate the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs) after fetal exposure to macrolides, focusing on cardiac malformations. METHODS: From the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort (1998-2008), women exposed to a macrolide or penicillin in the first trimester and unexposed women were studied. There were 135 859 pregnancies included; 914 were exposed to azithromycin, 734 to erythromycin, 686 to clarithromycin, and 9106 to penicillin during the first trimester. Cases of MCMs were identified within the first year of life. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, azithromycin (RR = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.98, 1.44; 120 exposed cases), erythromycin (RR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.74, 1.24; 66 exposed cases) and clarithromycin use (RR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.99, 1.42; 79 exposed cases) during the first trimester of pregnancy were not statistically significantly associated with the risk of MCMs; no associations were observed for cardiac malformations. CONCLUSIONS: First trimester exposure to any of the macrolides was not associated with an increased risk of overall MCMs or cardiac malformations specifically.
PURPOSE:Macrolides have been linked to the occurrence of congenital heart defects, but findings are inconsistent. We therefore aimed to estimate the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs) after fetal exposure to macrolides, focusing on cardiac malformations. METHODS: From the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort (1998-2008), women exposed to a macrolide or penicillin in the first trimester and unexposed women were studied. There were 135 859 pregnancies included; 914 were exposed to azithromycin, 734 to erythromycin, 686 to clarithromycin, and 9106 to penicillin during the first trimester. Cases of MCMs were identified within the first year of life. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, azithromycin (RR = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.98, 1.44; 120 exposed cases), erythromycin (RR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.74, 1.24; 66 exposed cases) and clarithromycin use (RR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.99, 1.42; 79 exposed cases) during the first trimester of pregnancy were not statistically significantly associated with the risk of MCMs; no associations were observed for cardiac malformations. CONCLUSIONS: First trimester exposure to any of the macrolides was not associated with an increased risk of overall MCMs or cardiac malformations specifically.
Authors: Jeffrey A Keelan; Matthew S Payne; Matthew W Kemp; Demelza J Ireland; John P Newnham Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2016-04-01 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Casper D J den Heijer; Christian J P A Hoebe; Johanna H M Driessen; Petra Wolffs; Ingrid V F van den Broek; Bernice M Hoenderboom; Rachael Williams; Frank de Vries; Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2019-10-15 Impact factor: 9.079