Justin H Rigby1, Brett B Mortensen2, David O Draper2. 1. Department of Human Performance and Health Promotion, Weber State University, Ogden, UT; 2. Department of Exercise Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. Dr Rigby is now with the Department of Athletic Training and Nutrition, Weber State University.
Abstract
CONTEXT: The efficacy of the relatively new wireless iontophoresis patch compared with the traditional wired dose controller is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the differences among 2 iontophoresis drug-delivery systems (wireless patch versus wired dose controller) and a sham treatment in treating patellar tendinopathy. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING:Physical therapy clinic. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one participants diagnosed with patellar tendinopathy (men = 22, women = 9, age = 24.5 ± 5.9 years). INTERVENTION(S): Participants were randomly assigned into 1 of 3 treatment groups: wireless patch, wired dose controller, or sham treatment. Participants in the active treatment groups received six 80 mA/min iontophoresis treatments using 2 mL of 4% dexamethasone sodium phosphate. During each visit, clinical outcome measures were assessed and then the assigned treatment was applied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical outcome measures were Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale, pressure sensitivity, knee-extension force, and sit-to-stand pain assessment using a numeric rating scale. For each clinical outcome measure, we used a repeated-measures analysis of covariance to determine differences among the treatment groups over the treatment period. RESULTS: Participants reported a clinically important improvement on the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale across all treatment groups, with no differences among groups (P = .571). A placebo effect was observed with pressure sensitivity (P = .0152); however, the active treatment decreased participants' pain during the sit-to-stand test (P = .042). CONCLUSIONS: A placebo effect occurred with the sham treatment group. Generally, improvement was noted in all groups regardless of treatment type, but greater pain reduction during a functional task was evident within the active treatment groups during the sit-to-stand test. The wireless patch and wired dose controller treatments were equivalent across all variables.
RCT Entities:
CONTEXT: The efficacy of the relatively new wireless iontophoresis patch compared with the traditional wired dose controller is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the differences among 2 iontophoresis drug-delivery systems (wireless patch versus wired dose controller) and a sham treatment in treating patellar tendinopathy. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Physical therapy clinic. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one participants diagnosed with patellar tendinopathy (men = 22, women = 9, age = 24.5 ± 5.9 years). INTERVENTION(S): Participants were randomly assigned into 1 of 3 treatment groups: wireless patch, wired dose controller, or sham treatment. Participants in the active treatment groups received six 80 mA/min iontophoresis treatments using 2 mL of 4% dexamethasone sodium phosphate. During each visit, clinical outcome measures were assessed and then the assigned treatment was applied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical outcome measures were Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale, pressure sensitivity, knee-extension force, and sit-to-stand pain assessment using a numeric rating scale. For each clinical outcome measure, we used a repeated-measures analysis of covariance to determine differences among the treatment groups over the treatment period. RESULTS:Participants reported a clinically important improvement on the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale across all treatment groups, with no differences among groups (P = .571). A placebo effect was observed with pressure sensitivity (P = .0152); however, the active treatment decreased participants' pain during the sit-to-stand test (P = .042). CONCLUSIONS: A placebo effect occurred with the sham treatment group. Generally, improvement was noted in all groups regardless of treatment type, but greater pain reduction during a functional task was evident within the active treatment groups during the sit-to-stand test. The wireless patch and wired dose controller treatments were equivalent across all variables.
Entities:
Keywords:
tendon injuries; therapeutic modalities; transdermal drug delivery
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