Jessica A Heerde1, John W Toumbourou2, Sheryl A Hemphill3, Todd I Herrenkohl4, George C Patton5, Richard F Catalano6. 1. Learning Sciences Institute Australia, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong Waterfront Campus, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: jessica.heerde@acu.edu.au. 2. Research Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong Waterfront Campus, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Flemington, Victoria, Australia. 3. Learning Sciences Institute Australia, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Flemington, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia. 4. University of Washington School of Social Work, Seattle, Washington. 5. Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Flemington, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. 6. Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Abstract
PURPOSE: There have been few longitudinal studies of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents. This cross-national longitudinal study outlines risk and protective factors for DSH incidence and persistence. METHODS: Seventh and ninth grade students (average ages 13 and 15 years) were recruited as state-representative cohorts, surveyed, and then followed up 12 months later (N = 3,876), using the same methods in Washington State and Victoria, Australia. The retention rate was 99% in both states at follow-up. A range of risk and protective factors for DSH were examined using multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The prevalence of DSH in the past year was 1.53% in Grade 7 and .91% in Grade 9 for males and 4.12% and 1.34% for Grade 7 and Grade 9 females, respectively, with similar rates across states. In multivariate analyses, incident DSH was lower in Washington State (odds ratio [OR] = .67; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .45-1.00) relative to Victoria 12 months later. Risk factors for incident DSH included being female (OR = 1.93; CI = 1.35-2.76), high depressive symptoms (OR = 3.52; CI = 2.37-5.21), antisocial behavior (OR = 2.42; CI = 1.46-4.00), and lifetime (OR = 1.85; CI = 1.11-3.08) and past month (OR = 2.70; CI = 1.57-4.64) alcohol use relative to never using alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Much self-harm in adolescents resolves over the course of 12 months. Young people who self-harm have high rates of other health risk behaviors associated with family and peer risks that may all be targets for preventive intervention.
PURPOSE: There have been few longitudinal studies of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents. This cross-national longitudinal study outlines risk and protective factors for DSH incidence and persistence. METHODS: Seventh and ninth grade students (average ages 13 and 15 years) were recruited as state-representative cohorts, surveyed, and then followed up 12 months later (N = 3,876), using the same methods in Washington State and Victoria, Australia. The retention rate was 99% in both states at follow-up. A range of risk and protective factors for DSH were examined using multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The prevalence of DSH in the past year was 1.53% in Grade 7 and .91% in Grade 9 for males and 4.12% and 1.34% for Grade 7 and Grade 9 females, respectively, with similar rates across states. In multivariate analyses, incident DSH was lower in Washington State (odds ratio [OR] = .67; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .45-1.00) relative to Victoria 12 months later. Risk factors for incident DSH included being female (OR = 1.93; CI = 1.35-2.76), high depressive symptoms (OR = 3.52; CI = 2.37-5.21), antisocial behavior (OR = 2.42; CI = 1.46-4.00), and lifetime (OR = 1.85; CI = 1.11-3.08) and past month (OR = 2.70; CI = 1.57-4.64) alcohol use relative to never using alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Much self-harm in adolescents resolves over the course of 12 months. Young people who self-harm have high rates of other health risk behaviors associated with family and peer risks that may all be targets for preventive intervention.
Authors: Ingeborg Rossow; Mette Ystgaard; Keith Hawton; Nicola Madge; Kees van Heeringen; Erik Jan de Wilde; Diego DeLeo; Sandor Fekete; Carolyn Morey Journal: Suicide Life Threat Behav Date: 2007-12
Authors: Sheryl A Hemphill; Rachel Smith; John W Toumbourou; Todd I Herrenkohl; Richard F Catalano; Barbara J McMorris; Helena Romaniuk Journal: Aust N Z J Criminol Date: 2009-12-01
Authors: Jane E Pirkis; Charles E Irwin; Claire Brindis; George C Patton; Michael G Sawyer Journal: J Adolesc Health Date: 2003-10 Impact factor: 5.012
Authors: Laura E Prendergast; Rachel Leung; John W Toumbourou; Angela Taft; Barbara J McMorris; Richard F Catalano Journal: Aust J Psychol Date: 2016-03-16
Authors: Jessica A Heerde; Ashlee Curtis; Jennifer A Bailey; Rachel Smith; Sheryl A Hemphill; John W Toumbourou Journal: J Crim Justice Date: 2018-09-12